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Evolution

QuestionAnswer
evolution cumulative change in the heritable characteristics of a population
evidence for evolution fossil record, selective breeding, homologous structure
selective breeding artificial selection causes changes more quickly than naturally
artificial breeding breeding of animals by man to produce desired traits in offspring
homologous structure common ancestor, more similar equals more closely related
homologous structure examples pentadactyl limb, appendix
adaptive radiation separate species evolve rapidly from a common ancestor to form specific niches, often triggered by islands
Explain the development of melanistic insects in polluted areas. color are light and dark gray, transient polymorphism, pollution allowed dark moths to blend, black moths reproduced more, increase in black color alleles
continuous variation shows wide range of phenotypes, speciation can occur due to geography, gradual divergence from common ancestor
mutations variations to the genetic composition of an individual, could be positive, negative, or neutral
meiosis variation in creation of 4 genetically different gametes, crossing over and independent assortment
sexual reproduction variation caused by random fertilization, near infinite genetic variability
adaptations characteristics that make an individual suited to their environment, causes changes in allele frequencies
Charles Darwin and Alfred Wallace natural selection, survival of the fittest
natural selection variation is seen, competition, beneficial adaptation survive, changes in allele frequencies
Explain how natural selection can lead to evolution using antibiotic resistance in bacteria as an example. Variation, competition, MRSA bacteria with antibiotic resistance, natural selection, stronger antibiotics
natural selection in finches on Daphne Major in the Galapagos, seeds become tougher, bigger beaks are beneficial, average beaks size increases
Created by: luciepike
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