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7th Grade Chapter 18
Fighting Disease
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| carcinogens | substances that can cause cancer |
| T cells | identify pathogens and distinguish one pathogen from another |
| HIV | destroys T cells in the immune system |
| antibodies | destroy pathogens by binding to antigens on the pathogens |
| antibiotic | a chemical that kills bacteria or slows their growth |
| infectious disease | a disease that is caused by pathogens |
| cancer | a disease that causes a person's body cells to multiply uncontrollably |
| immunity | the body's ability to destroy pathogens before they can cause disease |
| diabetes | when a person's pancreas does not produce enough insulin |
| phagocytes | white blood cells that are part of the inflammatory response |
| active immunity | when a person's own immune system produces antibodies in response to the presence of a pathogen |
| histamine | what the body produces when lymphocytes encounter an allergen |
| allergy | a disorder in which the immune system is overly sensitive to a substance not normally found in the body |
| antigens | the molecules on pathogens that enable the immune system to distinguish one kind of pathogen from another |
| fungi | the kind of pathogen that causes athlete's foot |
| cigarette smoke contains tar | which is a carcinogen |
| lyme disease is spread by | the bite of an infected tick |
| a cut in the skin can lead to an infection because | it allows pathogens to get into the body |
| colds and flu usually spread by | direct or indirect contact with infected persons |
| Robert Koch, a German physician, | demonstrated that each infectious disease is caused by a specific kind of pathogen |
| newborn babies have passive immunity to many diseases because | they have the antibodies that were produced by their mothers' bodies |
| breathing passages help keep pathogens out of the body | because mucus and cilia trap pathogens |
| passive immunity is different from active immunity because | passive immunity involves antibodies that have not been produced by the body of the immunized person |
| through vaccination | the body acquires active immunity to a disease without getting the disease |
| Louis Pasteur demonstrated that | killin organisms that cause a disease could prevent the spread of disease |
| the inflammatory response is called a general defense | because it responds in the same way to any kind of pathogen |
| the inflammatory response includes | white blood cells destroy pathogens; chemicals may cause a fever; and swelling increases blood flow to the infected area |
| Joseph Lister used the following techniques | washing hands, washing surgical instruments, and wrapping wounds in bandages - all with carbolic acid |
| a person with diabetes is often hungry | because the body cells do not take in enough glucose |
| radiation treatment kills cancer cells by | killing them with high-energy waves |
Created by:
Mrs. Gordon
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