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302 Macrmo Functions

TermDefinition
organic compounds - Compounds that contain carbon they are what living things are made of
compounds - 2 or more elements chemically combined
the four macromolecules - carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids the molecules living things are made of
carbon - an element found in all living things can form four bonds, which is a lot
macro- - big Opposite of micro-
molecule - A group of atoms bonded together
monomers - building blocks of polymers
polymers - chains of monomers
carbohydrates - starches and sugars monomer: monosaccharides polymer: polysaccharides
function of carbohydrates - main source of energy for cells Used for short-term energy storage broken down to make ATP
lipids - fats, oils, cholesterol, and wax they do not mix with water monomers: glycerol and fatty acids polymer: triglycerides
functions of lipids - Insulation Long-term energy storage Used to form cell membranes
proteins - monomer: amino acids polymers: proteins, AKA polypeptides
functions of proteins - many functions include: speeding up chemical reactions, structural support, forming channels in cell membranes that regulate movement across the cell membrane
enzymes - a type of protein they speed up chemical reactions
Nucleic acids - DNA and RNA monomers: nucleotides polymers: DNA and RNA
function of nucleic acids - store and transmit genetic information
transmit - to carry information example: messenger RNA transmits genetic information from the nucleus to ribosomes in the cytoplasm
genetic information - A set of instructions coded in DNA molecules that specifies the traits of an organism example: eye color
breaking molecules down - catabolism hydrolysis occur during digestion
building molecules - anabolism dehydration synthesis example: when cells combine amino acids to build proteins
Carbohydrate names - Often end in -ose
composed of - made of
Atoms - Building blocks of matter
Molecules - two or more atoms bonded together
Created by: Mr. Ford
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