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parent/child: ch 8
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Presumptive | Subjective signs of pregnancy (Ex: breast tenderness) |
| Probable | Objective/subjective signs by the physician that indicate pregnancy (Ex: Chadwick sign) |
| Positive | Definitive proof of pregnancy (Ex: Ultrasound) |
| Estimated date of birth (EDB) | Determined based on the date of the woman’s last normal menstrual period & the first accurate ultrasound examination. If the pregnancy resulted from assisted reproductive technology, it’s based on the date of embryo transfer. |
| Naegele rule | Method to calculate the EDB: subtract 3 months from the date of the LMP & add 7 days (Add one year if needed) |
| Prenatal care | Promotes the health & well-being. The initial visit occurs during the 1st trimester, with monthly visits through week 28 of pregnancy. Thereafter, visits are scheduled every 2 weeks until week 36 & then every week until birth. |
| Initial prenatal visit | Baseline: vitals (*blood pressure*), bloodwork (CBC & CMP), & cervical swab…repeat @ 32 weeks |
| Gravida | Woman who is pregnant |
| Gravidity | Pregnancy |
| Nulligravida | A woman who has never been pregnant & is not currently pregnant |
| Primigravida | A woman who is pregnant for the first time |
| Multigravida | A woman who has had two or more pregnancies |
| Parity | The number of pregnancies in which the fetus or fetuses have reached 20 weeks of gestation or more, not the number of fetuses born (ex: twins); it is not affected by whether the fetus is born alive or is stillborn |
| Nullipara | A woman who has not completed a pregnancy with a fetus or fetuses who have reached at least 20 weeks of gestation |
| Primipara | A woman who has completed one pregnancy with a fetus or fetuses who have reached 20 weeks of gestation or more |
| Multipara | A woman who has completed two or more pregnancies to 20 weeks of gestation or more |
| Preterm | A pregnancy that has reached 20 weeks of gestation but ends before 37 weeks 0 days of gestation |
| Late preterm | A pregnancy that has reached between 34 weeks 0 days & 36 weeks 6 days of gestation |
| Early term | A pregnancy that has reached between 37 weeks 0 days & 38 weeks 6 days of gestation |
| Late term | A pregnancy that has reached between 41 weeks 0 days & 41 weeks 6 days of gestation |
| Postterm | A pregnancy that has reached between 42 weeks 0 days & beyond gestation |
| Full term | A pregnancy that has reached between 39 weeks 0 days & 40 weeks 6 days |
| Viability | The capacity to live outside the uterus; infants born at 22 - 25 weeks of gestation are considered to be on the threshold of viability & are especially vulnerable to brain injury if they survive |
| GTPAL | G = # of pregnancies, including this one T = # of pregnancies that ended in term (37 weeks+) P = # of pregnancies that ended in preterm birth (between 20 weeks & 36 weeks 6 days) A = abortion; # of miscarriages L = # of living children |
| Follow-up visit | Assessing fetal heart tones (normal range: 110 - 160), fundal height, moms’ vitals & weight, & urinalysis; this monitoring continues for every visit. (Strep swab is obtained between 36 & 37 weeks because preterm labor can happen due to abx) |
| Fundal height | An indicator of fetal growth; the measurement of the height of the uterus above the symphysis |
| Supine hypotension | S/S: pallor, dizziness, faintness, breathlessness, tachycardia, nausea, & clamminess; interventions: position woman on her side |
| Education (slide #15) | - Fetal growth is monitored through fundal height, ultrasound, & movement / - The side-lying position & rising slowly are strongly recommended/ - Kegel exercises strengthen your pelvic muscles; can help to point out that these muscles are used for pee/sex |
| Education (slide #15) | - Travel: no for high-risk pregnant women; shouldn’t travel to areas where healthcare is poor, water is untreated, or malaria/Zika are prevalent; risk of venous stasis with prolonged sitting; lap belt & shoulder harness for the car; air: up to 36 weeks |
| Immunizations | No live vaccines; OK: Tdap, hep B, flu vaccines, & COVID vaccine |
| RhoGAM | Can be administered to Rh-negative mom to prevent the formation of antibodies against the fetal RBCs; routinely given at 26 - 30 weeks or again within 72 hours after birth if the infant is Rh-positive |
| Recognizing potential complications | Vaginal bleeding, alteration in fetal movements, symptoms of preeclampsia, rupture of membranes, & preterm labor, & signs of perinatal mood disorders |
| Birth setting choices | Hospitals, birth centers, & home births |
| Classes for expectant parents | Early pregnancy, mid pregnancy, late pregnancy, prenatal exercise & yoga, & classes that address learning needs of specific populations |
| Doula | Trained to provide physical, emotional, & informational support to women & their partners during labor & birth |
| Birth plan | Tool with which parents can explore their birth options & choose those that are most important to them |
Created by:
tatianalopez03
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