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psycholog ch 1 and 2
08/11/2023
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| #1 physiological (Ch1 L1) | having to do with an organism’s physical processes |
| #2 cognitive (Ch1 L1) | having to do with an organism’s thinking and understanding |
| #3 psychology (Ch1 L1) | the scientific study of behavior that is tested through scientific research |
| #4 hypothesis (Ch1 L1) | an assumption or prediction about behavior that is tested through scientific research |
| #5 theory (Ch1 L1) | a set of assumptions used to explain phenomena and offered for scientific study |
| #6 basic science (Ch1 L1) | the pursuit of knowledge about natural phenomena for its own sake |
| #7 applied science (Ch1 L1) | discovering ways to use scientific findings to accomplish practical goals |
| #8 empirical (Ch1 L1) | based on observation or experiment |
| #9 structuralist (Ch1 L1) | a psychologist who studies the basic elements that make up conscious mental experiences |
| #10 functionalist (Ch1 L2) | a psychologist who studies the function (rather than the structure) of consciousness |
| #11 psychoanalyst (Ch1 L2) | psychologist who studies how unconscious motives and conflicts determine human behavior, feelings, and thoughts |
| #12 behaviorist (Ch1 L2) | a psychologist who analyzes how organisms learn or modify their behavior based on their response to events in the environment |
| #13 humanist (Ch1 L2) | a psychologist who believes that each person has freedom in directing his or her future and achieving personal growth |
| #14 cognitivist (Ch1 L2) | a psychologist who studies how we process, store, retrieve, and use information and how thought processes influence our behavior |
| #15 psychobiologist (Ch1 L2) | a psychologist who studies how physical and chemical changes in our bodies influence our behavior |
| # 16 psychologist (Ch1 L3) | a scientist who studies the mind a nd behavior of humans and animals |
| #17 psychiatry (Ch1 L3) | a branch of medicine that deals with mental, emotional, or behavioral disorders |
| #18 naturalistic observation ( Ch2 L1) | research method in which the psychologist observes the subject in a natural setting without interfering |
| #19 case study (Ch2 L1) | research method that involves an intensive investigation of one or more participants |
| #20 longitudinal study (Ch2 L1) | research method in which data are collected about a group of participants over a number of years to assess how certain characteristics change or remain the same during development |
| #21 cross-sectional study (Ch2 L1) | research method in which data are collected from groups of participants of different ages and compared so that conclusions can be drawn about differences due to age |
| #22 correlation (Ch2 L1) | the measure of a relationship between two variables or sets of data |
| #23 variable (Ch2 L1) | any factor that is capable of change |
| #24 experimental group (Ch2 L1) | the group to which an independent variable is applied |
| #25 control group (Ch2 L1) | the group that is treated in the same way as the experimental group except that the experimental treatment (the independent variable) is not applied |
| #26 self-fulfilling prophecy (Ch2 L2) | a situation in which a researcher’s expectations influence that person’s own behavior, and thereby influence the participant’s behavior |
| #27 single-blind experiment (Ch2 L2) | a situation in which a researcher’s expectations influence that person’s own behavior, and thereby influence the participant’s behavior |
| #28 double-blind experiment (Ch2 L2) | an experiment in which neither the experimenter nor the participants know which participants received which treatment |
| #29 placebo effect (Ch2 L2) | a change in a participant’s illness or behavior that results from a belief that the treatment will have an effect rather than from the actual treatment |
| #30 descriptive statistics (Ch2 L3) | the listing and summarizing of data in a practical, efficient way |
| #31 frequency distribution (Ch2 L3) | an arrangement of data that indicates how often a particular score or observation occurs |
| #32 normal curve (Ch2 L3) | a graph of frequency distribution shaped like a symmetrical, bell-shaped curve; a graph of normally distributed data |
| #33 central tendency (Ch2 L3) | a number that describes something about the “average” score of a distribution variance |
| #34 standard deviation (Ch2 L3) | a measure of variability that describes an average distance of every score from the mean |
| #35 variance (Ch2 L3) | a measure of variability that is the mean of the squares of the deviations from the mean of the set of data |
| #36 correlation coefficient (Ch2 L3) | describes the direction and strength of the relationship between two sets of variables |
| #37 inferential statistics (Ch2 L3) | numerical methods used to determine whether research data support a hypothesis or whether results were due to chance |
Created by:
rubysallee
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