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Apologia Elem Botany

Lesson 10: Trees

QuestionAnswer
Name some important uses for trees. They provide shelter, shade, beauty, food, and healthy air for humans and animals. Trees also keep Earth's landscape stable. They can lower crime rates, increase property value, help save energy by cooling temperatures, protect from the wind, and even raise students' test scores.
How can you tell, by looking at a tree's branch, how much a tree has grown? There are marks along the twig of the branch that tell us exactly how tall the tree grew in each previous year.
Name the parts of a twig's anatomy. Terminal buds, lenticels, nodes, internodes, and auxiliary buds
Explain why words carved in a tree remain in the same location many years later. Because a tree grows taller from the top by adding to the tips of its branches. A tree's trunk will not continue to grow taller, only thicker.
Name the layers of a tree trunk. Bark, inner bark, vascular cambium, sapwood, and heartwood
What is heartwood? It is the dead wood in the very center of the tree trunk. It gives the trunk strength.
What is the sapwood? It surrounds the heartwood and is made of xylem that transports water up from the roots to the leaves. It also stores the excess food (starch) that the leaves make during the summer. In early spring, the tree starts converting that starch into sugar, and the sugar start to run in the sapwood. The sugar that's flowing in the sugar maple tree's sapwood is the maple syrup we enjoy on our pancakes!
What is the vascular cambium? It is a thin layer of cells that produces new xylem and phloem. It causes the tree trunk to get wider every year.
What is the inner bark? It is made up of the phloem. It transports food from the leaves downward to the rest of the tree.
What is the bark? It is the outer layer of the tree. It provides protection for the living parts of the tree. The outer bark is often called the cork of the tree.
Created by: Sheri8
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