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Topic 1: Rep. & Grow
Topic 1: Reproduction & Growth
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| asexual reproduction | a reproductive process that involves only one parent and produces offspring that are genetically identical to the parent |
| sexual reproduction | a reproductive process that involves two parents that combine their genetic material to produce a new organism which differs from both parents |
| fertilization | the process in sexual reproduction in which an egg cell and a sperm cell join to form a new cell |
| trait | a specific characteristic that an organism can pass to its offspring through its genes |
| gene | a sequence of DNA that determines a trait and is passed from parent to offspring |
| inheritance | the process by which an offspring receives genes from its parents |
| allele | a different form of a gene |
| incomplete dominance | when both the dominant and recessive allele are inherited resulting in a mixture of the two alleles; red x white = pink |
| codominance | both alleles are expressed at the same time; red x white = red and white |
| zygote | a fertilized egg, produced by the joining of a sperm and an egg |
| pollination | the transfer of pollen from male reproductive structures to female reproductive structures in plants |
| gymnosperms | trees with needle-like leaves and deep roots, cones and unprotected seeds like pines, redwoods, firs, cedars, and hemlocks |
| cones | the reproductive structures of gymnosperms |
| ovule | a plant structure in seed plants that produces the female gametophyte; contains the egg cell |
| angiosperms | produce flowers and fruits that contain seeds |
| stamen | male reproductive structure of a plant |
| pistil | female reproductive structure of a plant; has three parts |
| stigma | sticky top of the pistil where pollen is collected |
| style | slender tube that transports pollen to the ovary |
| ovary | hollow structure at the base of the pistil where fertilization occurs |
| fruit | the ripened ovary and other structures on an angiosperm that enclose one or more seeds |
| germination | the sprouting of the embryo out of a seed; occurs when the embryo resumes its growth following dormancy |
| behavior | the way an organism reacts to changes in its internal conditions or external environment |
| instinct | a response to a stimulus that is born |
| pheromone | a chemical released by one animal that affects the behavior of another animal of the same species |
| mating system | behavior patterns related to how animals mate |
| external fertilization | when eggs are fertilized outside of a female's body |
| internal fertilization | when eggs are fertilized inside of a female's body |
| migration | the regular, seasonal journey of an animal from one place to another and back again |
| hormone | chemical that affects growth and development; the chemical produced by an endocrine gland |
| auxin | a hormone that controls a plant's growth and response to light |
| tropism | a plant's growth response toward or away from a stimulus |
| photoperiodism | a plant's response to seasonal changes in the length of night and day |
| dormancy | a period of time when an organism's growth or activity stops |
| metamorphosis | a process in which an animal's body undergoes major changes in shape and form during its life cycle |
Created by:
muellershauna
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