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Biology - Endocrine

Plant Hormones

QuestionAnswer
Auxins Stimulate the ELONGATION of cells by breaking chemical bonds in the cell wall and allowing it to stretch. [In ROOTS, auxins have an INHIBITING effect on cell elongation] * Can be used for killing weeds, preventing abscission, seedless fruit development
Indoleacetic Acid (IAA) An auxin found in most plants. Produces growth at the apical meristem.
Apical Dominance Exhibited by IAA. The presence of IAA in the terminal bud promotes growth while inhibiting growth elsewhere (lateral buds). [e.g.: dominance of central trunk over the lateral branches in a tree]
Abscission The normal shedding from a plant of an organ that is mature or aged.
Gibberellins Stimulates RAPID GROWTH in plants. Can cause "bolting;" a process that produces a long stem.
Endosperm A tissue found in small seeds that supplies nutrients to the embryo
Cytokinins Stimulates CELL DIVISION in plants. [also works in balance with Auxins to stimulate normal plant growth]
Coleoptile A protective sheath enclosing the shoot tip.
Abscissic Acid A plant hormone involved in the dormancy of buds and seeds. Acts by INHIBITING cell division.
Maleic Hydrazine Aids Abscissic Acid in maintaining seed dormancy.
Ethylene Hormone that exsists in the form of a gas; acts to ripen fruit. (used commercially as well!)
Cambial Cells Cells of the Cambium: thin layer of generative tissue the produces layers of wood (xylem). [produce "Annual Rings" in bark]
Tropism A growth response directly related to environmental stimulus.
Geotropism The effect of gravity in plant development [How do auxins ensure normal development despite geotropic factors?]
Thigmotropism A positive reaction to touch (seen in the tendrils of climbing plants, curling around any object they touch)
Nastic Movements Quick, reversible, plant responses to stimuli that involve a change in the "turgidity" in the stem, leaf, or flower of the plant.
Created by: bio_geek
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