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Circulatory system
Question | Answer |
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Circulatory system | the organ system repsonnsible for transporting substances around the body Function: transporting Composed of heart blood blood vessel lymph lypmh vessels |
Blood | the connective tissue used to transport substances around the body |
functions of blood are (transport) | Transport oxygen & nutrients around the body Transporting CO2 & other waste products away from cells Transporting chemical messages - hormones - to the cells Maintaining the pH of body fluids |
functions of blood are | Distributing heat & maintaining body temperature Maintaining water content & ion concentration of body fluids Protecting against disease causing microorganisms Clotting when vessels are damaged thus preventing blood loss |
Blood is composed of | Plasma Formed elements |
Formed elements | the non-liquid part of blood (cell/cell-like structure: red&white blood cells, platelets) 45% of blood volume |
Plasma | the liquid part (mixture of water& dissolved substances .i.e. sugar) of blood function : transport components of blood around body - hormones, cel, waste 55% of blood volume |
oxyhaemoglobin | (97%) transported by combining with haemoglobin in a loose bond. The loose bond allows easy release of oxygen Oxygen attaches to the haemoglobin when in high oxygen concentration (alveoli) and detaches when in low concentration arrea (capilaries) |
Deoxygenated blood | oxygen poor/ high proportion of haemoglobin in blood |
Oxygenated blood | oxygen rich/ high proportion of oxyhaemoglobin in blood |
Haemoglobin specialised | Carry haemooglobin - can combine with oxygen No nucleus - more room for oxygen Biconcave disc shape - increases surface area for oxygen exchange but thick edges to increase volume for room food haemoglobin |
Transport of Carbon dioxide | 7-8% dissolved in plasma 22% carbaminohemoglobin 70% bicarbonate ions in plasma |
bicarbonate ions formula | (CO2 + H2O) <-> (H2CO3) <-> (H+ + HCO3) ~neutralise it |