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mutations
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Any change in what of an organisms genome is called | mutation |
| Frameshift mutation | a nucleotide base pair is either added or deleted causing a shift in what proteins are produced. frameshift insertion and frameshift deletions |
| What effect do mutations have on an organism | mutation events are rare and often deleterious, and is mostly detrimental to an organisms survival. |
| What are the two types of mutations | Gross mutations and point mutations |
| Point mutations | only one base pair is affected |
| chromosomal mutations | whole gene/chromosome is changed |
| Types of point mutations? | silent mutations, nonsense mutations, missense mutations, frameshift mutations: frameshift insertion, frameshift deletions |
| Silent mutation (substitution) | No effect. |
| missense mutation (substitution) | a slight change to the amino acid, maybe just one |
| nonsense mutation (substitution) | a type of point mutation. premature stop codon translated |
| frameshift insertion | insertion of nucleotide base pair causes major shift in the sequence and which amino acids are translated |
| frameshift deletion | deletion of nucleotide base pair causes major shift in sequence and which amino acids are translated |
| Substitution | mismatching of nucleotides or replacement of one base pair by another |
| transformation | proofs that DNA is genetic material, results from alterations to cell wall and cytoplasmic membrane that allow DNA to enter the cell. Free DNA in the environment taken into competent recipient |
| types of chromosomal mutations | translocation, deletion, duplication, inversion |
Created by:
Acrob89
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