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anniemorel

hypocalcemia and hypercalcemia

QuestionAnswer
What is calcium used for? nerve transmission, cardiac excitability, muscle contractions,blood clotting and hormone regulation
How mush is dissolved in the blood? 1%
Of that 1% how much is bound to plasma proteins especially albumin? 40%
What 5 is combined ith citrate, phosphate, and sulphate? 10%
What is the remaining 50%? Ionized (free)--ionized form is physiologically active in the cell.
What are normal calcium values? 8.5-10.5 both bound and ionized
Where is calcium found in the body? primarily in the bones and the teeth
what are some good sources of calcium? fish--salmon, sardines, anchovies, milk, brocolli
what regulates the calcium? the parathyroid hormone or PTH, vitD and calcitonin
PTH is released in response to what? decreased Calevels causing bones to give up Ca
PTH also does four things....? ^mvmt of Ca from the bone to the plasma, ^absorption of Ca from the GI tract, ^reabsorption of Ca from the renal tubules, amd dependent on vit D
Regulation of ca also depens on PTH, vit D and ....? calcitonin
What is calcitonin? a hormone produced by the thyroid gland opposes the effects of PTH and Vit D on bomes
What happens with high Ca levels? it stimulates the thyroid glad to release cacitonin and inhibits the release of Ca from the bone amd thus lowers the calcium levels. (keeps in bones)
What is the most important thing to remebre when have decreased Ca levels? the PTH depletes the bone and calcitonin says NO!!! this lowers serum calcium levels and keeps it is the bones
What is hypoclacemia? A total serum Ca concentration of less than 8.5 or an iodized Ca concentration less than 4
what happens in accidosis? it causes more Ca to be ionizedand less protein bound
What is acidosis? causes more Ca to be ionized less protein bound.....
What is alkalosis? greater than 7.45 increased Ca
What is alkalosis? less than 7.35 decreased Ca
Created by: anniemorel
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