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HS-LS1-1
Term | Definition |
---|---|
cell | the basic unit of life and living things |
nucleus | an organelle that holds DNA in eukaryotic organisms |
nucleotide | building blocks of amino acids, includes a sugar, phosphate, and base |
RNA | single stranded molecule with shorter chains of nucleotides |
deoxyribose | a five-carbon sugar molecule, shaped like a pentagon |
thymine | a building block base in DNA, abbreviated with T and pairs with adenine (A) |
cytosine | a building block base in DNA, abbreviated with C and pairs with guanine (G) |
uracil | a building block base in RNA, abbreviated with U and pairs with adenine (A) |
guanine | a building block base in DNA, abbreviated with G and pairs with cytosine (C) |
adenine | a building block base, abbreviated with A and pairs with T in DNA and U in RNA |
double helix | the physical structure of DNA, a twisted ladder formed by two linked chains |
transcription | the process by which a cell makes an RNA copy of a piece of DNA |
function | the role an object or material plays in a system |
structure | the form an object or material has |
nucleated cell | a cell with a nucleus, found in eukaryotic organisms |
DNA | a molecule that contains the biological instructions that make each species unique |
protein | Proteins are large, complex molecules that play many critical roles in living things |
molecule | fundamental building blocks of cells in living organisms |
gene | a portion of DNA that codes for a particular trait |
chromosome | a package of coiled-up DNA, found in the nucleus |
enzyme | a special type of protein that speeds up chemical reactions in a cell |
amino acid | molecules that combine to form proteins |
translation | the process by which RNA is used to produce proteins |
replication | the process of DNA copying itself |