Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
digestive OFFICIAL
mouth oesophagus stomach
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Ingestion | intake of food, liquids or drugs into the mouth |
| mastication | the process of chewing (grind or crush food with teeth) |
| Mechanical digestion | physical breakdown of food Jaw & teeth begin mechanical digestion |
| incisors & canines teeth | 4 incisors: chisel shaped teeth used for biting or cutting 2 canines: conical teeth used for tearing (same length as other teeth in human) |
| pre molar & molar teeth | 4 premolar & 6 molar: broad crown with rounded cusps. The cusps of the teeth fit into the depression of teeth on opposite jaw. Used for crushing &grinding |
| bolus | a ball like structure of food & saliva - formed due to movement of tongue & cheeks |
| Chemical digestion | breakdown of food (large nutrient molecules into smaller nutrient molecules) by chemicals |
| saliva | a fluid secreted into the mouth by salivary glands to begin digestion |
| Saliva contains: | Mucus - to lubricate the food/mouth ready to swallow Digestive enzyme called amylase: enzyme that breaks down starch (polysaccharide) into maltose ( disaccharide) Antibodies - kills bacteria Sticky - clumps food together |
| Oeseophagus | the tube that carries food from the pharynx to the stomach same structure as rest of alimentary canal 23-25cm long |
| Circular muscle | smooth muscle with fibres arranged in a circle around an organ |
| Longitudinal muscle | smooth muscle with fibres arranged lengthwise along an organ |
| Oeseophagus Function | movement of bolus from pharynx to stomach |
| Peristalsis 1 2 (circ muscle) | Circular muscles behind the ball of food contract Circular muscles around & infront of the ball of food relaxes |
| Peristalsis 3 4 5 | Longitudinal muscles contract A wave like contraction of circular muscles moves along the oesophagus pushing the food in front of it Movement of food is lubricated by mucus secreted by the lining of oesophagus |
| mouth 3 processes | ingestion mechanical digestion chemical digestion |
| Stomach | a muscular J shaped organ that receives food from the oeseophagus and mixes it with acid & enzymes to form chyme food is stored up to 6hrs where digestion occurs |
| stomach mechanical digestion | waves of muscular contractions from circular & longitudinal layers of muscle. oblique muscle layer which allows stomach too contract in a variety of ways churn & mix food with stomach juices until it is a thick soupy liquid called chyme |
| Chyme | the semifluid mass of partially digested food that leaves the stomach |
| stomach chemical digestion *whats in stomach juice* | achieved by gastric juice -hydrochloric acid Provide pH environment of 1-3 digestive enzyme: pepsin. Pepsin can break proteins down into shorter peptides & break down nucleic acids mucus - Provide a protective layer against the acid |
| why is stomach acidic | The acidic environment allows enzyme pepsinogen to convert to pepsin (active form of the enzyme) |
| Nutrients are not absorbed in the stomach due to | Thick layer of mucus The food molecules are too large & not broken down enough Howeever alcohol & som medications are absorbed through stomach wall into bloodstreeam |
| Pyloric sphincter | a ring of smooth muscle between the stomach & duodem (1st part of small intestine) This constriction prevents stomach contents moving through unless pushed along by peristalsis (2-8hrs to reach) |
| 6 processes | ingestion, mechanical digestion, chemical digestion, movement, absorption, excretiion |
| mouth processes | ingestion, mechanical digestion, chemical digestion |
| gastric juice where | Gastric juice is secreted by gastric glands located in narrow, tube - like structures called gastric pits |
Created by:
procrast
Popular Biology sets