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Massey APES
all words from summer work list
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Abiotic | non living or has never lived (ex. rocks, air, sunlight, water) |
| Acid | a substance that has a pH of 6 or lower (1-6) (ex. lemon juice, stomach acid, battery acid, hot sauce) |
| Anthropogenic | something caused or produced by human activities (ex. greenhouse gas emissions, deforestation, fertilizers) |
| Base | a substance with a pH of 8 or higher (8-14) (ex. bleach, milk, baking soda) |
| Biodiversity | the variety of different species of plants, animals, and other living organisms within an ecosystem - a broad term encompassing species, genetic, and ecosystem diversity |
| Biophilia | the theory that humans have an innate tendency to interact with or be closely associated with nature |
| Biotic | living or once lived (ex. dead things, plants, animals, bacteria) |
| Capillary Action | the movement of water (or water molecules) through a narrow and/or porous space due to adhesion, cohesion, and surface tension |
| Carbohydrate | a major biomolecule that refers to any organic compound consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen (general formula: CH2O) - the most abundant biomolecule - sugars, starches, and fibers (sugar/monosaccharide monomers) |
| Chemical Energy | a term that includes energy released from the breaking down of compounds (catabolism) and energy absorbed from the creation of compounds (anabolism) during chemical reactions - energy released from ATP and glucose |
| Chemical Reaction | the change of a substances molecular structure; the cause of a chemical change |
| Control Group | a group that is under all the same/normal conditions as the other experimental groups, except the variable under study - a group unaffected by any variables being tested |
| DNA/RNA | - a double stranded nucleic acid that contains genetic information for all aspects of cells - a single stranded nucleic acid used for the synthesis of genetic information |
| Ecological Footprint | a map of an individual's impact on the environment (ex. food consumption, pollution output, water use, HVAC use) |
| Economic Service | government-provided services and resources to aid struggling individuals to help them meet their needs (ex. financial aid, health care, food stamps) |
| Ecosystem | a community of organisms and all of the nonliving (abiotic) factors in the environment around them |
| Ecosystem Service | any positive benefit that nature/wildlife or ecosystems provide to humans; direct/indirect, small/large (ex. water, food/crops, disease) |
| Environment | the surrounding conditions and elements with which living (biotic) organisms interact with - that includes all biotic and abiotic factors that have a role in survival, evolution, and development |
| Environmentalist | a person who has dedicated themselves to protecting the systems on Earth that support life |
| Environmental Science | the study of nature, natural systems, and how the application of technology can protect and improve the environment - the interaction between humans and nature life-support systems; science and policy |
| First Law of Thermodynamics | it states that heat is a form of energy, and that the universe's energy remains constant |
| Genetic Diversity | a term that includes both the amount of different species as well as the diversity within those species* *meaning the various allele combinations (genotypes) within said species |
| Greenhouse Gases | gases that trap the Sun's heat in the Earth's atmosphere; too many causes global warming (ex. CO2 (carbon dioxide), methane, ozone, flourocarbons) |
| Hypothesis | your initial theory, idea, or solution on how to a problem - will be supported or disproved through experimentation |
| Law of Conservation of Matter | it states that matter is neither created nor destroyed - the amount of matter stays the same, it just changes its form |
| Lipid | a biomolecule that has fatty acid monomers; commonly making up the cell membrane and contributing to energy storage - saturated/unsaturated fatty acids (from animals/plants, solid/liquid at room temp) - phospholipid hydrophilic/phobic membrane structure |
| Nonrenewable Energy | energy that can not be reused (ex. nuclear, natural gas, coal, petroleum) |
| Nucleic Acid | an organic compound consisting of chains of monomers of nucleotides which are comprised of a phosphate, sugar, and nitrogenous base - used for preservation and replication in cells (ex. DNA, RNA) |
| pH | a range between 0 and 14 that indicates whether a substance is an acid or a base - water is neutral (7) |
| Protein | a biomolecule with amino acid monomers joined w/ peptide bonds; (ex. keratin, enzymes, hemoglobin, antibodies) |
| Renewable Energy | energy that occurs naturally and can be reused (ex. solar power, wind, hydroelectric, geothermal) |
| Replication (during experimentation) | to create a copy or duplicate; commonly associated with DNA - also relates to the duplication of a laboratory or experimental procedure to create statistics |
| Sample Size | the amount of units being studied - big enough to produce a large pool of results that makes a higher likelihood of showing the difference between choices, traits, or groups |
| Second Law of Thermodynamics | it states that heat transfers from one body to another, lower in temperature, body until both bodies have the same temperature |
| Species | the most basic unit of biological classification; defines an individual as part of a group with similar characteristics, usually defined by whether they are capable of mating (ex. homo sapiens (humans), panthera leo (lions)) |
| Speciation | the process by which new genetically distinct species evolve - commonly as a result of genetic isolation from the main population of the original species |
| Species Diversity | the amount of different species in an ecosystem and the relative abundance of each of those species |
| Surface Tension | the cohesion between (stickiness of) the surface level molecules of a liquid |
| Sustainability | the ability of an ecosystem stay diverse and productive despite human use of natural resources |
| Theory | an expectation or belief based on facts that have been repeatedly supported by observations and experiments |
Created by:
JadaM07
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