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Genetics
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| The Law of Segregation | Each characteristic is controlled by a pair of factors which separate at gamete formation such that a gamete receives only one pair of each |
| Gene | A section of DNA that encodes a specific characteristic |
| An Allele | An alternative form of a gene |
| Homozygous | The alleles in a pair are the same |
| Heterozygous | The alleles in a pair are different |
| Dominant Allele | An allele that masks its recessive partner, it is always expressed |
| Recessive Allele | An allele is one whose expression is masked by the dominant allele |
| Locus of a Gene | A position of a gene on a chromosome |
| Genotype | The genetic makeup, the presence of particular alleles |
| Phenotype | The physical makeup, the expression of the genotype of the organism |
| Monohybrid Cross | A cross which studies the inheritance of one traits |
| Dihybrid Cross | A cross which studies the inheritance of two different traits |
| The Law of Independent Assortment | During gamete formation, either one of a pair of alleles is equally likely to combine with either one of another pair of alleles. |
| Linkage | Genes are linked if they are on the same chromosome and we inherited together |
| Incomplete Dominance | The heterozygous genotype produces a phenotype that is intermediate between those produced by the homozygous genotypes |
| Sex Linkage | A characteristic is sex-linked when it is controlled by a gene that is carried on a sex chromosome |