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Cell Theory
Terms, definitions, info
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is cell theory? | - All organisms are made of cells - all existing cells are produced by other living cells - the cell is the most basic unit of life |
| Characteristics of prokaryotes: | - lacks a nucleus - lacks membrane bound organelles - smaller than eukaryotes |
| Characteristics eukaryotes: | - Large - contain membrane bound organelles - more complex - has a nucleus |
| 2 reasons viruses are considered non-living: | MRSGREEN Movement Respiration Sensitivity Growth Reproduction Excretion Equilibrium Nutrition |
| What are cocci, bacili, and spirochetes? What shapes are they? | cocci = spherical bacterium bacilli = rod shaped bacterium spirchetes = corkscrew-shaped bacterium |
| What shaped cell has a very large SA:V ratio? | |
| Draw and label the organelles in a plant and animal cell: | |
| If a cell has a large number of mitochondria, what sort of cell could it be? | |
| Draw a chloroplast including the stoma, thylakoid and grana. | |
| What organelle is involved in the secretions of proteins from a cell? | The golgi apparatus. It packages proteins into 'sacs' which are then secreted from the cell. |
| Why do mitochondria have highly folded cristae? What is the matrix? | To increase the surface area of the inner membrane, which increases transport of molecules across the membrane. The matrix is the area inside of the inner membrane. |
| Are chloroplasts found in all plant cells? | No, root plant cells typically do not contain them as it would be useless. |
| Calculate the SA:V of a 3cmx3cmx3cm cube: | SA : 54cm V : 27cm 54 : 27 2 : 1 |
| Calculate the SA:V of a 2cmx6cmx2cm rod: | SA = 56cm squared V = 24cm cubed 56 : 24 7 : 3 |
| Staphylococcus aureus are what shaped bacteria: | Bunch of grapes, lot's of small round cocci in clusters |
| Nucleus + Nucleolus: | Nucleus - surrounded by two layers of membrane (nuclear envelope). Contains DNA for building proteins, which control everything that happens in the cell. Nucleolus - dark patch in the nucleus. Not really an organelle. Region where ribosomes are made. |
| Chloroplasts: | |
| Mitochondria: | |
| Ribosome | |
| (smooth) Endoplasmic reticulum + Rough Endoplasmic reticulum: | |
| cell membrane | |
| cytoplasm + cytosol | |
| centrioles | |
| golgi apparatus | |
| lysosomes | |
| large vacuole | |
| Effect of size on SA:V | Larger size = smaller SA : V Smaller size = larger SA : V |
| Effect of shape on SA:V | Flatter/thinner = larger SA : V Wider and higher = smaller SA : V More surface area = larger SA : V |
Created by:
sarah.hamill
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