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Plants (Book)
BIO Lab Exam #3 (Pgs 316-326)
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Plant | is a multicellular eukaryote that carrier out photosynthesis and has a set of adaptations for living on land |
| How does the definition of plants distinguish it from animals and fungi? | They are not photosynthetic |
| Why are algae considered protists? | Lack terrestrial adaptations |
| Reproductive structures of plants | contain spores and gametes |
| Leaf | Performs photosynthesis |
| Cuticle | reduces water loss, stomata regulate gas exchange |
| Stem | supports plant (may perform photosynthesis) |
| Whole body of alga | Performs photosynthesis, absorbs water, CO2, and mineral from the water |
| How is an alga supported? | The water supports the body |
| Roots | Subterranean organs anchor the plant in soil and absorb minerals and water from the soil |
| Shoots | Aboveground organ systems that consist of photosynthetic leaves supported by stems |
| Mycorrhizae | "fungus roots", enlarge the root's functional surface area |
| Stomata | exchange of carbon dioxide and oxygen between the atmosphere and the photosynthetic interior of a leaf, microscopic pores on a leaf's surface |
| Vascular tissue | Transports vital materials between roots and shoots, a network of tube-shaped cells that branch throughout the plant |
| What are the two types of vascular tissues? | One is specialized for transporting water and minerals from roots to leaves and the other distributes sugars from the leaves to the roots and other non-photosynthetic parts of the plant |
| Lignin | The structural strength of lignified vascular tissue |
| Charophytes | Ancestor of green algae |
| Bryophytes | lack trye roots and leaves, lack lignin, the wall-ardening material the enables other plants to stand tall |
| Mosses | a bryophyte |
| Ferns | Seedless vascular plants |
| Seed | consists of an embryo packaged along with a store of food within a protective covering |
| Gymnosperm | naked-seeds |
| Conifers | a gymnosperm |
| Angiosperms | contained seeds |
| Flower | an angiosperm |
| What are two terrestrial adaptions that mosses display? | A waxy cuticle that helps prevent dehydration and the retention of developing embryos within the female plant |
| Gametophyte | Green, spongelike plant |
| Sporophyte | Growing out of a gametophyte as a stalk with a capsule at its tip |
| Cells of the gametophyte are | haploid |
| Sporophyte is made up of | diploid cells |
| Spore | a haploid cell that can develop into a new individual without fusing with another cell |
| Alternation of generations | type of life cycle, in which the gametophyte and sporophyte take turns producing each other |
| Fossil fuels | coal, oil, and natural gas formed from the remains of long-dead organisms |
| Pollen grain | the much-reduced male gametophyte, houses the cell that will develop into sperm |
| Pollination | the delivery of pollen from the male parts of a plant to the female parts of a plant |
| Ovules | Structures that contain the female gametophytes |
| Germinate | sprout, the embryo emerges through the seed coat as a seedling |
| Sepals | The outer layer of a flower, usually green |
| Petals | are the showy structures that attract pollinators |
| Anther | a sac on top of each stamen that develops pollen grains |
| Carpel | the female reproductive structure |
| Ovary | a protective chamber containing one or more ovules, in which eggs develop |
| Stigma | The sticky tip of the carpel, traps pollen |
| Endosperm | The tissue surrounding the embryo, will provide food supply for the growing plant |
| Fruits | The ripened ovary of a flower |
Created by:
sillylilly
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