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Biology Keywords (1)
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Atomic Number | The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom, which determines the chemical properties of an element and periodic table placement |
| Ion | An atom or molecule with a net electric charge due to the loss or gain of one or more electrons |
| Atomic Mass | by adding up the total masses of subatomic particles in an atom (Protons and Neutrons or Isotopes) |
| Covalent Bond | A type of chemical bond where in two or more atoms share one or more electron pairs |
| Ionic Bond | attractions between oppositely charged atoms or groups of atoms where electrons are donated and accepted |
| Electron Shell or Energy Levels | fixed distances from the nucleus of an atom where electrons may be found |
| Valence Electrons | any electron on the outer shell of the nucleus of an atom |
| Isotopes | Atoms with the same number of protons but different number of neutrons |
| Biological Half-Life | The time required for a biological system, such as that of a human, to eliminate, by natural processes, half of the amount of a substance (such as a radioactive material) that has entered it |
| Molecules and Compounds | molecule is a group of two or more atoms held together by chemical bonds. A compound is a substance which is formed by two or more different types of elements which are united chemically in a fixed proportion |
| Solution | A homogenous mixture of one or more solutes dissolved in a solvent |
| Molarity | unit of concentration, defined as the number of moles of solute dissolved in 1 liter of solution |
| pH | solution is a measure of the concentration of hydrogen ions in the solution. A solution with a high number of hydrogen ions is acidic (Acid, Base, or Neutral) |
| Potential and Kinetic Energy | objects in motion possess kinetic energy, whereas objects that are not in motion possess potential energy |
| Types of Chemical Reactions | Synthesis, Decomposition, Single Replacement, Double Replacement, and Combustion |
| Anabolism and Catabolism | Anabolism requires energy to grow and build. Catabolism uses energy to break down |
| Oxidation and Reduction | Oxidation describes chemical reactions where electrons are lost, whereas reduction refers to reactions where electrons are gained |
| Name and Functions of Four Macromolecules | Proteins - Molecular Machines | Nucleic Acids - Information Repositories | Lipids - Waterproof Membranes | Carbohydrates - Stored Energy |
| Monomers and Polymers of Four Macromolecules | macromolecules are made from single subunits, or building blocks, called monomers. The monomers combine with each other using covalent bonds to form larger molecules known as polymers |
| Saturated and Unsaturated Fatty Acids | Saturated fatty acids have hydrocarbon chains connected by single bonds only. Unsaturated fatty acids have one or more double bonds |
Created by:
Cheidt
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