click below
click below
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Cells
Terms essential for understanding the structure and function of cells
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Cell Membrane | A thin, flexible barrier surrounding a cell that regulates the movement of substances in and out of the cell. |
| Cytoplasm | The gel-like substance inside a cell where most of the biochemical processes take place. |
| Nucleus | A membrane-bound organelle that contains the cell's genetic material, including DNA and RNA. |
| DNA | Deoxyribonucleic acid, a complex molecule that contains the genetic instructions used in the development and function of all living organisms. |
| RNA | Ribonucleic acid, a molecule that plays a crucial role in the synthesis of proteins from amino acids. |
| Mitochondria | Organelles that generate most of the cell's energy through the process of cellular respiration. |
| Chloroplasts | Organelles found in plant cells that are responsible for photosynthesis, converting light energy into chemical energy. |
| Enzymes | Proteins that act as catalysts in biochemical reactions, speeding up the rate of the reaction without being consumed in the process. |
| ATP | Adenosine triphosphate, a molecule that serves as the primary energy carrier in cells. |
| Metabolism | The sum total of all the biochemical processes occurring in an organism, including the breakdown of complex molecules into simpler ones and the synthesis of new molecules from simpler ones. |