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PC Bundle 3 and 4
PC Bundle 3 and 4- Final Exam
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The distance between one crest to the next crest of a wave is called a ______________________ | wavelength |
| The number of waves that pass a point in a given time is called the __________________________. | frequency |
| The distance between the medium at rest and the top of the crest is the wave's __________________. | amplitude |
| A repeating pattern with a specific wavelength, frequency and amplitude is called a: | wave |
| ______________is found as the product of the wavelength and frequency. | speed |
| TEN water waves pass a dock in 5 seconds. What is the frequency of the waves? | 2Hz |
| The scientific term for when light speeds up or slows down, causing the light to bend, is called _____________________. | refraction |
| A wave occurs when there is a _____________ in a medium. | disturbance |
| The highest part of a transverse wave is called a ________________. | crest |
| The frequency of a sound wave is related to ___________________. | pitch |
| When waves hit a surface and do NOT bounce back or pass through, they are being _______________________. | absorbed |
| The pressed together part of a longitudinal wave is called a _______________. | compression |
| The amplitude of a sound wave is related to ____________. | volume |
| A noise that produces an echo is an example of waves being _______________. | reflected |
| A student places a pencil in a glass of water and observes that the pencil appears to be broken. This is because the light ____________ as it passes from one medium to the next. | bends (refracts) |
| The spread apart place in a longitudinal wave is called a ____________________. | rarefaction |
| The lowest part of a transverse wave is called a ___________. | trough |
| A 3D triangular object, used to bend light is called a _______________. | prism |
| A light wave with a bigger amplitude will appear______________. | brighter |
| Wavelength is related to frequency. When wavelength increases, frequency _______________________. | decreases |
| Sound waves are a form of ____________ that is made by vibrations and requires a medium (air, water, or solids) to travel. | energy |
| When Charles "Chuck" Yeager flew a plane faster than the speed of sound, breaking the sound barrier, he was traveling at _________________________ speed. | supersonic |
| When a person shouts down a hallway, you can hear them through an open door, because sound waves_____________ , or spread out around a barrier or through a gap. | diffract |
| A green laser bends more than a red laser, because green light has a higher ______________. | frequency |
| All the frequencies of energy that come from the sun is called the | Electromagnetic Spectrum |
| Light that has a lower frequency than red is called | infrared |
| Light that has a higher frequency than violet is called | ultraviolet |
| The sequence of heritable changes that occurred among species since the origin of life on Earth | evolution |
| Organisms of the same species that are at the same level of descent from a common ancestor | generation |
| The study of the similarities and differences of body structures of different species | comparative anatomy |
| The change of a plant or animal species over time, causing a specific trait to become a permanent characteristic of that species | evolution |
| The study of similarities in embryos | embryology |
| The quality of having many different forms, shapes, etc | diversity |
| When organisms have similar anatomy, they probably have a | common ancestor |
| A group of organisms with similar characteristics that are able to interbreed or exchange genetic material | species |
| The study of the structures of organisms and their parts | anatomy |
| Archaeologists use _______ to discover how animals evolve over time. | fossils |
| In a ________________, the most ancient organisms, called the origin species, are found at the very base of the tree diagram. | cladogram |
| The developing organism between fertilization and birth; unborn offspring before being born or hatched | embryo |
| A process by which a population becomes better suited to its environment by increasing the frequencies of alleles that provide benefits to survival and reproduction | adaptation |
| What do you call the system that categorizes organisms by using a naming system that includes the genus and species? | Binomial nomenclature |
| The mineralized remains of organisms, showing how long-dead organisms lived and how their bodies were structured. | fossils |
| What is a bed or layer of sedimentary rock having approximately the same composition throughout? | rock strata |
| How old is the earth? | 4.6 Billion years old |
| Fossils are often found in sedimentary rock. In undisturbed sedimentary rock, where would the oldest fossils be found? | the bottom layer |
| The mineralized remains of organisms and the rock layers in which they are found, showing when and where long-dead organisms lived and how their bodies were structured | fossil record |
| fossil record System of chronological measurement that relates stratigraphy (study of rock layers) to time geologic | time scale |
| The formation of fossils as stone replaces decaying tissues | petrification |
| Scientific law that states fossils located in deeper sediment layers are older than ones deposited in layers closer to the surface | Law of Superposition |
| The science that deals with the dynamics and physical history of the earth, the rocks of which it is composed, and the physical, chemical, and biological changes that the earth has undergone or is undergoing. | geology |
| Fossils can usually be found in layers of | sedimentary rock |
| The study of rock layers | stratigraphy |
| The ____________ of the fossil within the rock layers can help to determine the age of a fossil. | location |
| The study of dinosaurs and other fossilized creatures | paleontology |
| ____________ fossils are fossils that are formed not by the actual dead organism but by its activities while it was alive. Examples of trace fossils include animal tracks preserved in stone, petrified nests, burrows, dung, etc. | Trace |
| For a ______________ fossil to form, a dead organism must first be buried in sediment. Then, as the organism slowly decays, it leaves behind open spaces where minerals crystallize and fill in the exact shape of the decaying organism or part. | mold |
| _______________________fossils are formed when all or part of an organism is covered in a solid substance, such as ice or amber, that preserves the material trapped inside. | Inclusion |
| The permanent disappearance of a species from Earth is called ____________________. | extinction |
| Beds or layers of sedimentary rock having approximately the same composition throughout is called rock _____________. | strata |
| ________________ fossils are formed when part of an organism has been buried in sediment and slowly decayed. The dead organism creates an impression in the soft sediment. The sediment then hardens into solid stone, preserving the impression in stone. | Cast |
| The arrangement of things in the order that they occurred | chronological order |
| Human cells have 23 pairs of ________________, which are highly organized and structured pieces of DNA. | chromosomes |
| ____________________ is a process in which individuals with less desirable traits die at a faster rate, leading to the predominance of traits more suited to the habitat in a population. | Natural selection |
| Camels have long eyelashes to keep sand out of their eyes, thick eyebrows to shield their eyes, and the ability to close their nostrils so sand does not go up their nose. These traits are ________________________ that they will use to survive. | adaptations |
| Adaptation by the process of ________________________ , acting over many generations, is one important process by which species change over time in response to changes in environmental conditions. | natural selection |
| All the individuals of a certain species living in an area make up a _____________________. | population |
| When particles of a _______________ become disturbed, they pass on their vibrations to another one. | medium |
Created by:
Ms. Traynor-Grimes (Ms.TG)
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