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Hypersensitivity

Types of Hypersensitivity and Reactions

QuestionAnswer
mucosa cells, tear cells, nerve cells, blood vessels, bronchial cells Target cells for Histamine
causes the synthesis of mucous Mucosa cells
causes tearing Tear cells
causes itching Nerve cells
causes vasodilation Blood vessels
causes bronchoconstriction Bronchial cells
IgE mediated, immediate response and anaphylactic Type I Hypersensitivity
hay fever, asthma or allergies Examples of Type I Hypersensitivity
host is sensitized to allergen and does not show symptoms in 1st response Type I Hypersensitivity
2nd exposure: IgE binds to basophiles and mast cells. The mast cell degranulates and releases histamine Type I Hypersensitivity
localized reaction: hay fever, hives asthma Type I Hypersensitivity
systemic reaction: anaphylactic shock Type I Hypersensitivity
antibody mediated cytotoxic Type II Hypersensitivity
IgG and IgM interact with body's cells and this lead to the cells destruction Type II Hypersensitivity
IgG and IgM bind to the cell and start a cascade of events known as a complement that causes inflammation and cell lysis Type II Hypersensitivity
healthy cells dies as they respond to antigens Cytotoxic reaction
blood transfusions with incompatible blood types Hemolytic transfer reactions
incompatible transfusions with Rh factor antigens Hemolytic Disease of Newborns
Rh present on cell Rh+
Rh not present on cell Rh-
caused by formation of immune complexes in body tissues Type III Hypersensitivity
mediated by IgG Type III Hypersensitivity
classic example of type III hypersensitivity Nephritis
antibodies bind to antigens on cell surfaces and immune complexes happen when antibodies bind to soluble antigens Type III Hypersensitivity
T-cell mediated Type IV Hypersensitivity
delayed reaction 24-48 hours after exposure Type IV Hypersensitivity
1st response induces T cell and phagocytosis for sensitization allowing it to be placed in the memory cells Type IV Hypersensitivity
2nd exposure: T cells release cytokines that activate macrophage
Created by: blunt1
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