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Science Topic 3
Human Body System
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Stimulus | Any change or signal in the environment that can make an organism react in some way |
| Response | An action or change in behavior as a result of a stimulus |
| Gland | An organ that releases chemicals either through ducts or into the bloodstream |
| Hormone | The chemical produced by the endocrine gland; A chemical that affects growth |
| Stress | The reaction of a person's body to potentially threatening, challenging, or disturbing events |
| Digestion | The process that breaks complex molecules of food into smaller nutrient molecules |
| Nutrients | Substances in food that provide the raw materials and energy needed for an organism to carry out its essential processes |
| Carbohydrates | An energy-rich organic compound, such as a sugar or starch, that is made of the elements of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen |
| Peristalsis | Waves of smooth muscle contractions that move food through the esophagus toward the stomach |
| Saliva | A fluid produced in the mouth that aids in mechanical and chemical digestion |
| Enzyme | A type of protein that speeds up chemical reactions in the body |
| Circulatory System | An organ system that transports needed materials to cells and removes waste |
| Artery | A blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart |
| Capillary | A tiny blood vessel where substances are exchanged between the blood and the body cells |
| Vein | A blood vessel that carries blood back to the heart |
| Lymph | Fluid that travels through the lymphatic system consisting of water, white blood cells, and dissolved materials |
| Bronchi | The two passages that direct air into the lungs |
| Alveoli | Tiny sacs of lung tissue specialized for the movement of gasses between air and blood |
| Excretion | The process of which wastes are removed from the body |
| Nephron | Small filtering structures found in the kidneys that removes wastes from the blood and produces urine |
| Neuron | A cell that carries information through the nervous system |
| Synapse | A junction where one neuron can transfer an impulse to the next structure |
| Brain | The part of the nervous system that is located in the skull and controls most functions in the body |
| Spinal Cord | A think column of nervous tissue that links the brain to nerves in the body |
| Negative Feedback | A process where a system is turned off by the condition it produces |
| Reflex | An automatic response that occurs rapidly and without conscious control |
Created by:
Zidou14
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