Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Genetics and Biotech
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Allele | One of a pair of genes that exist at the same location on a pair of homologous chromosomes and exert parallel control over the same genetic trait |
| cancer | any of a number of conditions characterized by rapid, abnormal, and uncontrolled division of affected cells |
| chromosome mutation | an alteration in the structure of a chromosome involving many genes |
| cloning | a technique of genetic investigation in which undifferentiated cells of an organism are used to produce new organisms with the same set of traits as the original cells |
| codon | a group of three nitrogenous bases that provide information for the placement of amino acids in the synthesis of proteins |
| deletion | a type of chromosome mutation in which a section of a chromosome is separated and lost |
| deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) | a nucleic acid molecule known to be the chemically active agent of the gene -the fundamental hereditary material of living organisms |
| deoxyribose | a five-carbon sugar that is a component part of the nucleotide unit in DNA only |
| differentiation | the process by which embryonic cells become specialized to perform the various tasks of particular tissues throughout the body |
| dominance | a pattern of genetic inheritance in which the effects of a dominant allele mask those of a recessive allele |
| gene | a unit of heredity -a discrete portion of a chromosome thought to be responsible for the production of a single type of polypeptide (protein) -The factor responsible for the inheritance of a genetic trait |
| genetic engineering | the use of various techniques to move genes from one organism to another |
| genome | the total genetic makeup (DNA) of an organism |
| genotype | the particular combination of genes in an allele pair |
| heterozygous | a term used to refer to an allele pair in which the alleles have different, contrasting effects (for example Aa or RW or Rr) -A dominant and a recessive trait |
| homozygous | a term used to refer to an allele pair in which the alleles are identical in terms of effect (for example AA, aa, RR, rr) |
| messenger RNA (mRNA) | a type of RNA that carries the genetic code from the nuclear DNA to the ribosome for transcription |
| nucleic acid | an organic compound composed of repeating units of nucleotide |
| nucleotide | the repeating unit making up the nucleic acid polymer (for example RNA and DNA) |
| phenotype | the observable trait that results from the action of an allele pair |
| ribonucleic acid (RNA) | a type of nucleic acid that operates in various ways to facilitate protein synthesis |
| ribosome | a cell organelle that serves as the site of protein synthesis in the cell |
| transfer RNA (tRNA) | a type of RNA that transports specific amino acids from the cytoplasm to the ribosome for protein synthesis |
| four nitrogenous bases (DNA) | Adenine pairs with Thymine Cytosine pairs with Guanine |
| four nitrogenous bases (RNA) | Adenine pairs with Uracil Thymine pairs with Adenine Cytosine pairs with Guanine |
| karyotype | an enlarged photograph of the paired homologous chromosomes of an individual cell that is used in the detection of certain genetic disorders involving chromosome mutation |
Created by:
LFeldmann
Popular Biology sets