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PHCC skeletal system
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the 5 functions of the human skeleton system? | 1)supports 2)protects 3) assists 4) manufacturers 5)stores |
| The human skeleton act as a supporter, what does this mean? | Supports : It( the skeleton) supports and stabilizes surrounding tissue such as muscle , blood vessels, nerves, fat and skin |
| The human skeleton act as a protector, what does this mean? | Protects: It protects vital organs of the body such as brain,spinal cord , heart, lungs |
| The human skeleton act as an assistant, what does this mean? | Assists: it assists in body movement (locomotion) by providing attachments for muscles that pull on the bones that act as levers |
| The human skeleton act as a manufacturer, what does this mean? | Manufacturers:The bone marrow manufacturers blood cells ( hematopoiesis) |
| The human skeleton act as storage, what does this mean? | Storage : It is a storage area for fat and mineral salts , especially phosphorus (P) and calcium (Ca) |
| Located at the ends of long bones and at the center of other bones is a mesh-work of interconnecting sections called what? | cancellous (spongy) bones |
| The many spaces with in the cancellous bone are filled with what? | red bone marrow |
| Where is red bone marrow found in greater quantities? | Cranium, ribs, vertebrae, sternum, and pelvis bones |
| Yellow bone marrow is found in the medullary cavity of the shafts of ?? | long bones |
| Yellow bone marrow is primarily made of ?? | fat cells ( adipose tissue) |
| What is diaphysis? | the shaft of the long bones |
| What is epiphyses? | the section of the bones that grow vertically (growth plates) |
| What is periosteum? | the fibrovascular membrane that covers a bone |
| The tissue found between articulating bones that acts as a shock-absorber and reduces friction is called what? | cartilage |
| Cartilage can also be referred to as what? | meniscus |
| The tissue that binds articulating bones together and allows for a certain range of movement (ROM) is called what? | ligaments |
| The tissues that connect muscles is called what? (you tenderize meat, therefore these tissues are called)? | tendons |
| What is ossification? | the formation of bones |
| What are osteocytes? | bone cells |
| What are osteoblasts? | bone cells that build bones |
| What are osteoclasts? | bone cells that remove (reabsorb) bone |
| What is required for osteoblasts to function? | weight bearing (functions or actions) |
| What is required for the osteoclasts to function? | nothing |
| Bones whose length exceeds their width are called what? | long bones |
| 1)What is the clavicle called ? | the collar bone ( and is an example of a LONG BONE) |
| 2)What is the Humerus called? | the superior arm bone ( and is an example of a LONG BONE) |
| 3)What is the Radius called? | the lateral inferior arm bone ( remember this an anterior view with palms of the hands facing outward( thumbs upward), This bone the outside bone farthest from the body ( and is an example of a LONG BONE) |
| 4)What do you call the Ulna? | the medial inferior arm bone ( remember this an anterior view with palms of the hands facing outward ( thumbs upward). this bone is the one closet to your middle,and is an example of a LONG BONE) |
| What do you call the femur? | the thigh bone or superior leg bone ( and is an example of a LONG BONE) |
| What do you call the tibia? | the anterior inferior larger leg bone ( I would call it your shin bone) ( and is an example of a LONG BONE) |
| What do you call the fibula? | the posterior inferior larger leg bone ( and is an example of a LONG BONE) |
| What do you call metacarpals? | the hand bones(and is an example of a LONG BONE) |
| What do you call metatarsals ? | the foot bones ( and is an example of a LONG BONE) |
| What do you call the phalanges ( plural) or phalanx (singular)? | the fingers or toes ( and is an example of a LONG BONE) |
| Bones with out a shaft are called what? | short bones |
| What do you call the carpal ? | the wrist bones ( and is an example of a short bone) |
| The carpal are arranged how? | 2 rows of 4 |
| What is the pisiform? | a carpal(wrist bone)located in the proximal row |
| What is the triquetrum (triquetral)? | a carpal(wrist bone)located in the proximal row |
| What is the lunate? | a carpal(wrist bone)located in the proximal row |
| What is the scaphoid (navicular)? | a carpal(wrist bone)located in the proximal row |
| What is the hamate? | a carpal(wrist bone)located in the distal row med-lateral |
| What is the capitate? | a carpal(wrist bone)located in the distal row med-laterally |
| What is the trapezoid? | a carpal(wrist bone)located in the distal row med-laterally |
| What is the trapezium | a carpal(wrist bone)located in the distal row med-laterally |
| What is the tarsals ? | ankle bones |
| Tarsals are arranged how? | hindfoot and forefoot |
| What is a calcaneus (calcaneum) aka heel bone | a hindfoot tarsal |
| What is a talus? | a hindfoot tarsal |
| What is a navicular? | a hindfoot tarsal |
| What is a cuboid? | a hindfoot tarsal |
| What is a medial or 1st cuneiform? | a forefoot bone |
| What is a intermediate or 2nd cuneiform? | a forefoot bone |
| What is a lateral or 3rd cuneiform? | a forefoot bone |
| Thin bones found whenever there is a need for extensive muscle attachment or protection for soft or vital parts are called? | flat bones |
| What is the cranium called? | the skull (and is an example of a FLAT BONE) |
| What are the 2 parietal bones called? | the the cranial roof (and is an example of a FLAT BONE) |
| What is the frontal bone called? | the forehead (and is an example of a FLAT BONE) |
| What is the temporal bones called? | the temples (and is an example of a FLAT BONE) |
| What is the occipital bones called (location)? | the located at the posterior base of the cranium (and is an example of a FLAT BONE) |
| What are the 2 zygomatic bones called? | the cheek bones (and is an example of a FLAT BONE) |
| What is the Maxilla called? | the superior jaw (and is an example of a FLAT BONE) |
| What is the mandible called? | the inferior jaw (and is an example of a FLAT BONE) |
| what does the nasal bone form? | the bridge of the nose (and is an example of a FLAT BONE) |
| What is the sternum called? | the breast bone (and is an example of a FLAT BONE) |
| What is the superior portion of the sternum called? | the manubrium (handle) |
| What is the medial section of the sternum called? | the gladiolus (blade) |
| What is the inferior section of the sternum called? | the xiphoid process |
| Ribs are flat bones that have 12 pairs. What are the ribs 1-7 called? | true ribs AKA vertebrosternal |
| Ribs are flat bones that have 12 pairs. What are the ribs 8-12 called? | false ribs |
| Ribs are flat bones that have 12 pairs. What are the last 2 ribs of the false ribs called?1-7 called? | floating ribs ( vertebral) |
| What is the scapula called? | the shoulder bone (blade) (and is an example of a FLAT BONE) |
| The lateral end of the scapula is called what? | the acromion process |
| The muscles that move the arm are attached to what? | the scapula at the coracoid process |
| What is a process? | part of the bone that is sticking out, the projection |
| The head of th humerus (superior arm) articulates with the What? | glenoid fossa |
| What is a fossa? | a depression of the bone |
| The pelvic bone ( a flat bone) is made up of 3 parts, what are they? | ilium, ischium, pubis |
| a typical vertebra consists: 1) a thick disk-shaped anterior portion pierced w/ numerous small holes for nerves and blood vessels that nourish the bone. What is it called? | the vertebral body |
| The vertebrae has a passageway for the spinal cord called? | vertebral (neural) foramen |
| What is a foramen? | an opening |
| The vertebrae has a posterior projection called? | the spinous process |
| The vertebrae has a posterior projection called? | spinous process |
| The vertebrae has two lateral projections called? | the transverse process |
| The vertebrae has a posterior wall of the vertebral arch called? | the lamina |
| Th sections that connect the vertebral body to the vertebral arch and are notched to allow passage way for the spinal nerves are called? | pedicles |
| The surface of any typical bone will exhibit certain projection and depressions called? | bone markings |
| A process that is a sharp slender projection is referred to as what? | a spine |
| A process that is a large prominence usually serving for the attachment of muscle or ligaments is called? | tuberosity |
| A process that is a round or knuckle-like prominence is referred to as a ? | condyle |
| A process that is a process shaped like a pulley is a? | trochlea |
| A process that is a small round process is called a? | tubercle |
| A process that is a very large projection is called a? | trochanter |
| A process that is a narrow ridge is called a? | crest |
| A process that is a less prominent ridge is called a? | line |
| A process that is a terminal enlargement is called a ? | head |
| A process that is the part of the body that connect to the head is called a? | neck |
| A fossa that is a narrow junction between two bones is called a ? | suture |
| A fossa that is an opening through which blood vessel, nerves ligaments pass is called a ? | foramen |
| A fossa that is a cavity within a bone is called? | sinus or atrium (I am not sure about the atrium answer) |
| A fossa that is a furrow or a grove is called a ? | sulcus |
| How many bones does the human body have? | 206 |
Created by:
wgolon
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