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Geography
Geography - Tectonic Hazards
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is a natural hazard? | a natural event that threatens people, or has the potential to cause damage, destruction & death |
| What are 'tectonic hazards' caused by? | the movement of tectonic plates |
| What are 'weather hazards' caused by? | conditions in the atmosphere |
| What is a 'hazard risk'? | the chance that a natural hazard may take place and cause damage to society |
| What is the 'nature of the hazard'? | how large it is & how wide an area is affected |
| What is 'vulnerability'? | how many people are in the area & how close do they live to the hazard |
| What is 'capacity to cope'? | are buildings well protected, can people evacuate, is the country rich enough to recover quickly |
| What is 'Plate tectonics theory'? | The crust is broken up into large slabs called tectonic plates which float on the Earth's mantle and are moved by 'convection currents' |
| What is the 'continental crust'? | sections of crust which are thick (30-50km) but light and old. Cannot be destroyed |
| What is the 'oceanic crust'? | sections of crust which are thinner (5-10km) but dense and younger |
| What is 'slab pull'? | The process of older, denser sections of crust subducting (sinking) into the mantle and pulling sections of new, light crust with it |
| What is 'ridge push'? | lava erupts to create crust as plates move apart. As it cools, it pushes down the slop of the ridge, pushing the plates even further apart |
| What happens at a 'destructive' plate margin? | 2 plates move together. Can cause earthquakes & volcanoes |
| Where are 'destructive' plate margins? | Nazca & South American plates |
| What happens at a 'constructive' plate margin? | 2 plates move away from each other. Can cause volcanoes & very small earthquakes |
| Where are 'constructive' plate margins? | North American & Eurasian plates |
| What happens at a 'conservative' plate margin? | 2 plates slide past each other. Can cause earthquakes |
| Where are 'conservative' plate margins? | Pacific & North American plates |
| What is an 'earthquake'? | a sudden or violent movement within the Earth’s crust followed by a series of shocks. |
| What are 'seismic waves'? | the vibrations of the crust’s movement during an earthquake |
| What is the 'focus'? | the point in the earth’s crust where seismic waves begin |
| What is the 'epicentre'? | the point on the surface of the earth’s crust directly above the focus |
Created by:
samfitter
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