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Chapter 20.1 + other
Oceans
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| _______ is the study of the physical characteristics, chemical composition, and life forms. | Oceanography |
| The______ was the vessel credited with beginning modern ocean exploration. | H.M.S. Challenger |
| The ocean basin is made of the _____ and the _ that ____________. | continental; oceanic; lie beneath the ocean waters |
| What is a basin? | sink or bowl |
| What is a submersible? | underwater research vessel |
| What year were the Titanic remains found? | 1985 |
| One type of submersible is the ____ which stays connected to aship by cables. | bathysphere |
| Another submersible is the _ which is free-moving and requires a pilot. | bathyscaph |
| Name the seeing-eye robot used to locate the Titanic. | Alvin Jr. |
| Which year did the Titanic sink? | 1912 |
| Name the maneuverable camera which filmed the inside of the Titanic. | Jason Jr. |
| Sonar is an acronym standing for... | Sound Navigation And Ranging |
| Sonar consists of a ____ and a __________. | transmitter; receiver |
| The __ transmitter sends out sound waves which bounce back to the receiver The time it takes to receive the response determines the depth of the ocean floor. This was used to map the ocean floor. | transmitter |
| Sound travels ________ meter per second through water. | 1500 |
| Oceans cover _ percent of the earth's surface. | 71% |
| Oceans contain _ percent of all water on earth. | 97% |
| Average of the ocean is _. | 2.3 miles |
| Tides change _ times daily. | 2 |
| Currents flow like ______. | rivers |
| Warm currents flow _ the equator. | away from |
| Cold currents flow _ the warm currents and _ the equator. | under; towards |
| Coral reefs are equal to _. | tropical rain forests with the greatest variety of marine plant and animal life |
| _% of all volcanic activity occurs in the oceans | 90 |
| longest mountain range in the oceans | Mid-Ocean Ridge |
| Mid- Ocean Ridge is ____x longer than the Himalayans, Andes, and Rockies combined. | 4 |
| Average temperature in the deep ocean is _ or _ degrees Fahrenheit. | 3.5 degrees Celcius; 39 which is slightly above freezing |
| The average pressure of the ocean is _. | 8 tons per square inch which is equal to one person supporting 50 jumbo jets |
| has the longest coast line | Canada |
| __ is the highest point on Earth in the ocean which is _ measured from the ocean floor, which rivals Mt. Everest at _. | Mauna Kea, a volcanic island in Hawaii, is 33, 465 ft.; 29,028 ft. |
| __________ is the lowest point on Earth. | Marianas Trench |
| If you put Mt. Everest at the bottom of the Marianas Trench how would it fit? | About 1 mile would be left. |
| In 2000, scientists renamed the oceans ____ degrees south the __________ ocean but it is actually part of the Atlantic and Pacific Ocean , not a distinct Ocean. | 60 degrees; Southern |
| 4 Distinct Oceans: | Pacific, Atlantic,Indian, Arctic |
| The largest and deepest ocean. | Pacific |
| The Pacific Ocean's surface area covers __ of the earth's surface, _ square miles. | more than 1/3; 180 million |
| The Pacific was named by ________ in _____________ who was impressed by its peacefullness. | Magellan; 1520 |
| The Pacific hold the lowest point on the Earth which is ________. | Marianas Trench |
| The number of islands in the Pacific. | 25,000 |
| ___________ dramatically affects the world's climate. | El Nino |
| The most important waterway in the Pacific. | Panama Canal |
| Seas in the Pacific: | Japan, Yellow, East China, South China |
| Largest Rivers to empty : | Colombia in NA, Yangtze in China |
| Second largest ocean | Atlantic Ocean |
| Atlantic covers __ of the earth's surface which is ________ square miles. | 1/5; 82 million |
| The Atlantic was named by the _____ after the ____ in North Africa. | Romans; Atlas Mountains |
| Lowest point in the Atlantic Ocean. | Puerto Rico Trench |
| Highest point in the Atlantic Ocean. | Mid Atlantic Ridge |
| The Mid Atlantic Ridge splits the earth in _ causing the ocean to widen ____cm/ year. | half; 2-4 |
| Seas in the Atlantic Ocean: | Meditteranean, Carribean, Baltic, Black, and North |
| important waterways in the Atlantic Ocean: | Bosporous Strait(Turkey), Strait of Gilbraitar(Morrocco-Spain) |
| Largest river in the Atlantic: | St. Lawrence |
| Tropical cyclones form at the ___ near ______ coast and are blown __ by the _____ winds. | equator; Africa's; westward; trade |
| The third largest ocean is... | Indian |
| The Indian Ocean covers __________ miles. | 28 million |
| _________ % of the world's off shore drilling takes place in Indian Ocean. | 40 |
| ________ ________ has become an enviromental problem. | Oil pollution |
| ____________ is a major fishing industry for bordering countries. | Fishing |
| The lowest point in the Indian Ocean is __________. | Java Trench in Indonesia |
| Name an Island in the Indian Ocean. | Madagascar |
| Name an important waterway in the Indian Ocean. | Suez Canal |
| _______________ brings seasonal monsoon winds which bring a rainy season and dry season. | Monsoon Drift |
| Typhoon season in the Indian Ocean is _____ and _______. | May and June |
| Name 2 seas in the Indian Ocean. | Arabian, Red, Persian Gulf |
| The __________ ocean is the smallest and shallowest. | Artic |
| The Arctic Ocean is ___________ square miles. | 8.5 million |
| The Arctic Ocean is almost completely landlocked by _________ + ___________. | North America and Eurasia |
| Name the winter temperture of the Artic Ocean. | - 30 degrees Fahrenheit |
| The Artic ice sheet is ______ times larger than Texas. | 4 |
| The Artic ice sheet is _ meters thick. | 3 |
| Ice sheet is a home to _. | seals, artic fox, and polar bears |
| The artic ocean is virtually landlocked from ___________ to _________. | October - June |
| The Artic is the only place in the world for __________. | polar bears |
| More fish live in the ______ Ocean than in the world. | Artic |
| Winter has continuous _______. Summer has continuous ______. | darkness, daylight |
| Name the important waterways in the Artic Ocean. | Northwest Passage(North America), and Northern Sea Route(Eurasia) |
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