Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Asepsis vocab
Nursing 101 Unit 5
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Acquired immunity | see Passive immunity |
| Active immunity | a resistance of the body to infection in which the host produces its own antibodies in response to natural or artificial antigens |
| Acute infection | those that generally appear suddenly or last a short time |
| Airborne precautions | methods used to reduce exposure to infectious agents transmitted by airborne droplet nuclei smaller than 5 microns |
| Airborne transmission | infectious agent transmitted by droplets or dust |
| Antibodies | immunoglobulins, part of the body's plasma proteins, defend primarily against the extracellular phases of bacterial and viral infections |
| Antigen | a substance capable of inducing the formation of antibodies |
| Antiseptics | agents that inhibit the growth of some microorganisms |
| Asepsis | freedom from infection or infectious material |
| Autoantigen | an antigen that originates in a person's own body |
| Bacteremia | bacteria in the blood |
| Bacteria | the most common infection-causing microorganisms |
| Bacteriocins | substances produced by some normal flora (ex , enterobacteria), that can be lethal to related strains of bacteria |
| Bloodborne | pathogens those microorganisms carried in blood and body fluids that are capable of infecting other persons with serious and difficult to treat viral infections, namely hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, and HIV |
| Body substance isolation (BSI) | generic infection control precautions for all clients except those with diseases transmitted through the air |
| Carrier | a person or animal that harbors a specific infectious agent and serves as a potential source of infection, yet does not manifest any clinical signs of disease |
| Cell-mediated defenses | see Cellular immunity |
| Cellular immunity | also known as cell-mediated defenses, occur through the T-cell system |
| Chemotaxis | the action by which leukocytes are attracted to injured cells |
| Chronic infection | infection that occurs slowly, over a very long period, and may last months or years |
| Cicatrix | scar |
| Circulating immunity | see Humoral immunity |
| Clean | free of potentially infectious agents |
| Colonization | the presence of organisms in body secretions or excretions in which strains of bacteria become resident flora but do not cause illness |
| Communicable disease | a disease that can spread from one person to another |
| Compromised host | any person at increased risk for an infection |
| Contact precautions | methods used to reduce exposure to infectious agents easily transmitted by direct client contact or by contact with items in the client's environment |
| Cultures | laboratory cultivations of microorganisms in a special growth medium |
| Diapedesis | the movement of blood corpuscles through a blood vessel wall |
| Dirty | denotes the likely presence of microorganisms, some of which may be capable of causing infection |
| Disinfectants | agents that destroy pathogens other than spores |
| Droplet nuclei | residue of evaporated droplets that remains in the air for long periods of time |
| Droplet precautions | methods used to reduce exposure to infectious agents transmitted by particle droplets larger than 5 microns |
| Emigration | process in which leukocytes move through the blood vessel wall into the affected tissue spaces |
| Endogenous | developing from within |
| Exogenous | developing from without |
| Exudate | material, such as fluid and cells, that has escaped from blood vessels during the inflammatory process and is deposited in tissue or on tissue surfaces |
| Fibrinogen | a plasma protein that is converted to fibrin when it is released into the tissues and, together with thromboplastin and platelets, forms an interlacing network making a barrier to wall off an area |
| Fibrous (scar) tissue | connective tissue repair of wounds with tissue that can proliferate under conditions of ischemia and altered pH |
| Fungi | infection-causing microorganisms that include yeasts and molds |
| Granulation tissue | young connective tissue with new capillaries formed in the wound healing process |
| Humoral immunity | antibody-mediated defense; resides ultimately in the B lymphocytes and is mediated by the antibodies produced by B cells |
| Hyperemia | increased blood flow to an area |
| Iatrogenic infection | infections that are the direct result of diagnostic or therapeutic procedures |
| Immune defenses | see Specific defenses |
| Immunity | a specific resistance of the body to infection; it may be natural, or resistance developed after exposure to a disease agent |
| Immunoglobulins | see Antibodies |
| Infection | the disease process produced by microorganisms |
| Inflammation | local and nonspecific defensive tissue response to injury or destruction of cells |
| Isolation | practices that prevent the spread of infection and communicable disease |
| Leukocytosis | an increase in the number of white blood cells |
| Local infection | an infection that is limited to the specific part of the body where the microorganisms remain |
| Macrophages | large phagocytes |
| Margination | the aggregating or lining up of substances along a surface or edge (eg, the lining up of white blood cells against the wall of a blood vessel during the inflammatory process) |
| Medical asepsis | all practices intended to confine a specific microorganism to a specific area, limiting the number, growth, and spread of microorganisms |
| Nonspecific defenses | bodily defenses that protect a person against all microorganisms, regardless of prior exposure |
| Nosocomial infections | infections associated with the delivery of health care services in a health care facility |
| Occupational exposure | skin, eye, mucous membrane, or parenteral contact with blood or other potentially infectious materials that may result from the performance of an employee's duties |
| Opportunistic pathogen | a microorganism causing disease only in a susceptible individual |
| Parasites | microorganisms that live in or on another from which it obtains nourishment |
| Passive immunity | a resistance of the body to infection in which the host receives natural or artificial antibodies produced by another source |
| Pathogenicity | the ability to produce disease; a pathogen is a microorganism that causes disease |
| Phagocytes | cells that ingest microorganisms, other cells, and foreign particles |
| Reservoir | a source of microorganisms |
| Resident flora | microorganisms that normally reside on the skin, mucous membranes, and inside the respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts |
| Sepsis | the presence of pathogenic organisms or their toxins in the blood or body tissues |
| Septicemia | occurs when bacteremia results in systemic infection |
| Specific (immune) defenses | immune functions directed against identifiable bacteria, viruses, fungi, or other infectious agents |
| Sterile field | a specified area that is considered free from microorganisms |
| Sterile technique | practices that keep an area or object free of all microorganisms |
| Sterilization | a process that destroys all microorganisms, including spores and viruses |
| Surgical asepsis | see Sterile technique |
| Systemic infection | when pathogens spread and damage different parts of the body |
| Universal precautions (UP) | techniques to be used with all clients to decrease the risk of transmitting unidentified pathogens; currently, Standard Precautions incorporate UP and BSI |
| Vector-borne transmission | a vector is an animal or flying or crawling insect that serves as an intermediate means of transporting the infectious agent |
| Vehicle-borne transmission | a vehicle is any substance that serves as an intermediate means to transport and introduce an infectious agent into a susceptible host through a suitable portal of entry |
| Virulence | ability to produce disease |
| Viruses | nucleic acid-based infectious agents |
Created by:
karenanda
Popular Nursing sets