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IES Faults and Folds

TermDefinition
Mafic Dark colored, high density High in Magnesium and Fe (low Si)
Felsic Light colored, lower density High in O and Si (feldspar and quartz)
Tensional Faults Normal faults Vertical movement, tension pulls crust apart Produces steeply inclined fault zone w/upthrown and downthrown
Horst and Grabens Tensional Fault
Reverse Faults Compressional fault Vertical displacement due to compression and stresses Up rises above down, landslides are common
Thrust Fault Compression drives up over down Leads to mountain building
Slip Strike Fault Lateral displacement Visible on landscape when features are offset
shield Peak Largest, quietest eruptions of lava Broad, gently sloping cone
Composite Large, steep sided, asymmetrical Intermediate lava flows and explosions Mt. St. Helens
Lava Dome Masses of viscous lava, lava bulges from vent and dome grows Can explode and leave holes
Cinder Cone Smallest ash hills cone shaped or saddle shaped peaks
Basins: Calderas Basins formed when volcanoes explode/collapse Crater Lake, OR
Lateral Folds Form mountains
Created by: Eliana.s
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