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Endocrine System
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The posterior pituitary secretes which two hormones | Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) & Oxytocin |
| Causes increased water uptake into the blood which helps maintain normal blood pressure | ADH |
| Responsible for stimulating strong contractions of smooth muscle of the uterus | Oxytocin |
| Also called somatotropin | Growth Hormone (GH) |
| Stimulates cells to produce insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) | Growth Hormone (GH) |
| Growth hormone is regulated by which two releasing hormones? | Growth-hormone Releasing Hormone (GHRH) & Somatostatin, which decreases the secretion of GH |
| Produced during hyperglycemia | Somatostatin |
| Produced during hypoglycemia | Growth-Hormone Releasing Hormone (GHRH) |
| Also called Thyrotropin | Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (TSH) |
| T4 | Thyroxine |
| T3 | Triiodothyronine |
| When metabolic rate (energy production) decreases, ______ is produced | Thyroid Releasing Hormone (TRH) |
| Stimulates the secretion of cortisol and other hormones by the adrenal cortex | Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) |
| Produced during any type of physiological stress situation | Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone (CRH) |
| Responsible for lactation | Prolactin |
| Stimulates the growth of ovarian follicles and initiates sperm production | Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH) |
| Responsible for ovulation | Luteinizing hormone (LH) |
| Stimulates the development of the Corpus Luteum | Luteinizing Hormone (LH) |
| Stimulates the release of testosterone from the testes | Luteinizing Hormone (LH) |
| Secretes calcitonin | Parafolicular cells of the Thyroid |
| Regulate energy production and protein synthesis | T3 & T4 |
| Decreases the reabsorption of calcium and phosphate from the bones to the blood | Calcitonin |
| Stimulates the release of calcitonin | Hypercalcemia (high blood calcium level) |
| Antagonist to calcitonin | Parathyroid Hormone (PTH) |
| Increases the reabsorption of calcium and phosphates from bones to blood | Parathyroid Hormone (PTH) |
| Stimulates the release of PTH | Hypocalcemia |
| Stimulates the liver to change glycogen to glucose (glycogenolysis) | Glucagon |
| Causes blood glucose levels to rise and makes all types of food available for energy production | Glucagon |
| Increases the permeability of cell membranes to glucose | Insulin |
| Located on the top of each kidney | Adrenal Glands |
| Collectively called catecholamines and are sympathomimetic | Epinephrine & Norepinephrine |
| Epinephrine & Norepinephrine are secreted from the _______ | Adrenal Medulla |
| Stimulates the release of Epinephrine & Norepinephrine | Sympathetic impulses from the hypothalamus |
| Also known as Adrenalin | Epinephrine |
| Three types of steroid hormones secreted by the adrenal cortex | Mineralocorticoids, glucocorticoids, and sex hormones (estrogens and androgens) |
| Most abundant mineralocorticoid | Aldosterone |
| Aldosterone increases the reabsorption of ______ and the excretion of _______ by the kidney tubules | Sodium & Potassium |
| Low blood pressure or blood volume activates ______ | Renin-Angiotensin mechanism of the kidneys |
| Increases the use of fats and excess amino acids and decreases the use of glucose | Cortisol |
| Blocks the effects of histamine and stabilizes lysosomal membranes, preventing excessive tissue destruction | Cortisol |
| Direct stimulus for cortisol secretion is | ACTH |
| Hormone produced by the Pineal gland | Melatonin |
| Made by virtually all cells from the phospholipids of their cell membranes | Prostaglandins (PGs) |
Created by:
jlittle7763
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