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EXOTOXINS

QuestionAnswer
Diptheria Toxin Sporadic; Corynebacterium; G+ rods Palisade arrangement; Inflammation of pharynx/tonsils marked by grayosh pathches; A-B toxin
A-B toxins two parts Active and Binding; Binds to receptor on surface of host cell; enter cell by endocytosis; A-B separate in the cell; leaves by exocytosis; A blocks protein synthesis
Botulin - Botulinum toxin Clostridium botulinum; Endospore forming; G+ rods; obligate anaerobe (oxygen kills it);
Physiological effect of botulinum toxin relationship between motor neuron and muscle at neuromuscular junction; Toxin enters motor end plate and attaches to the presynaptic membrane blocks release of transmitter, prevents impulse transmission; keeps muscle from contracting Paralysis;
Vibrio Enterotoxin death in few days; Vibrio cholerae causes cholera; G- vibrio ; curved rod; attaches to the cell lining of the intestine
Most potent toxin : how many mL can kill all the people on the Earth? Botulinum toxin: 250 mL
Action of CHolera Toxin INtestinal epithelial cells heightens activity of an enzyme adenyl cyclase (AC); causes Adenyl cyclase which causes cAMP; high cAMP the cell secretes large quantities of chloride (C1-) and bicarbonate (CO3-) ions into intestinal lumen
Adenyl cyclase stimulates high levels of cAMP ; higher concentration of cAMP promotes removal of anions by the cell membrane
cAMP cyclic adenosine monophosphate; has one phosphate
After Chloride and Bicarbonate ions inter the intestinal lumen: Electrolyte loss: water loss from epithelial cells; massive fluid depletion; Acidosis low pH;
CT is what kind of toxin? vibrio enterotoxin
How do you treat cholera toxin solutions containing salt and sugar. Gatorade is great. drink every hour
Toxoids
Body produces antibodies called? antitoxins
antitoxins do what? immunity to exotoxins
antitoxins are against what?> exotoxins
when exotoxins are inactivated.... no longer cause disease but can still stimulate the body to produce antitoxins
Inactivated toxins are.... toxoids
altered exotoxins are.... toxoids
Created by: Eureakofinfo
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