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Anatomic Terms

Terms for spatial relationship and movement.

TermDefinition
anterior in front of; toward the front surface
posterior in back of; toward the back surface
dorsal the top surface of a structure
ventral underneath or underside of a structure
superior toward the head or above
inferior towards feet or below
caudal at the rear or tail end
cranial at the head end
medial toward the midline of the body
lateral away from the midline of the body; toward the sides
deep on the inside, underneath another structure
superficial on the outside
proximal closest to point of attachment to trunk
distal furthest from point of attachment to trunk
sagittal plane the plane that creates a right and a left side of the body passing from the front to the back
horizontal plane the plane that splits the body into top and a bottom
frontal plane the plane that creates a front and a back side as it passes through the body
plantar the underside of the foot
prone lying on the stomach face-down
supine lying on the back face-up
afferent directed toward a center
efferent directed away from a center
flexion decreasing the angle formed by the bones of the joint
extension increasing the angle formed by the bones of the joint
abduction movement away from the midline of the body
adduction movement towards the midline of the body
circumduction movement in 2 or 3 planes
pronation turning the forearm inward towards the body
supination turning the forearm outward from the pronated position (hold a cup of soup)
dorsiflexion bringing the toes towards the body
plantarflexion pointing toes away from the body
Created by: dgroisman
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