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Endotoxins
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Endotoxins are part of the ____ _____ of the cell wall of G (?) bacteria (lipid ?) | outer portion - A |
| The cell wall breaks when ? | when bacteria die |
| What happens when bacteria die? | endotoxins are released |
| all endotoxins produce the same _____ and _______ | signs symptoms |
| Endotoxins activate what? What does that do? | blood-clotting proteins formation of blood clots |
| Endotoxins cause ______ | fever |
| how does the endotoxin create a fever | macrophage ingests G-; degraded into vacuole releasing endotoxins; macrophage produce IL-1; IL-1 to Hypothalamus; hypothalamus produces prostaglandins; prostaglandins reset thermostat to higher temp |
| Explain how Endotoxins cause septic shock | drop in blood pressure induced by endotoxins from G-; toxic condition as a result of bacteria in the blood and tissues |
| Tumor Necrosis Factor can cause? | Septic shock |
| Explain what happens with TNF | endotoxins cause phagocytes to secrete TNF; Large amounts cause permeability of blood vessels; blood vessels lose large amounts of fluids; pressure drops resulting in shock |
| Endemic and an example: | Native disease that prevails continuously in a geographic region; Lyme disease |
| Sporadic and an example: | occasional cases reported; Tetanus and rabies |
| Epidemic and example: | increased number of cases in a community; sudden outbreak; Cholera |
| Pandemic and example: | afflicting an increased proportion of the population worldwide; Swine flu, COVID-19 |
Created by:
Eureakofinfo
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