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metabolism
metabolism questions
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| for how many hours does glycogen provide energy? | 12-18 hours |
| which type of fuel is used during exercise? | the body switches to fatty acid oxidation to keep glucose for further needs |
| what is the link between glucose units | alpha1-4 bonds(within the chain) alpha(1-6)bonds (in the beginning of the branch) |
| for each molecule of glycogen how many reducing ends do we have? | 1 reducing end that is able to react |
| what is the function of non reducing ends ? | adding new glucose units and the site of glycogenolysis |
| where is glucose found? | muscle and liver cells small amounts in kidneys(filtration) and intestines(digestion and absorption) |
| can muscle glycogen raise blood glucose level? | no , it can't .only the liver glycogen can do that |
| what are the paths for G-6P | PPP Glycolysis conversion to free glucose that travel to other organs |
| second step of glycogenosis | alpha D glucose 6P to alpha-Dglucose 1-P by phosphoglucomutase |
| step 3 of glucogenosis | alpa B glucose 1P to UDP glucose UDP phosphorylase |
| fourth step of glucogenosis | UDP glucose to a glucose molecule(from n to n+1) |
| what is glycogenin | it is a an enzyme involved in converting glucose to glycogen. It acts as a primer, by polymerizing the first few glucose molecules |
| where is glycogenin 1 found ? | skeletal muscle heart lung kidneys brain pancreas placenta |
| where is glycogenin 2 found? | liver |
| what are branching enzymes of glycogenosis | acid alpha glucosidase |
| what is the enzyme coding for glycogenosis | glycogen synthase |
| which enzymes degrades the branches of glycogen | glycogen phosphorylase(limit dextrin) |
| which enzymes converts G6P to glucose | glucose 6 phosphatase |
| do muscle hhave G6Pase | muscle |
| what are the regulating enzymes of glycogenosis | glycogen synthase glycogen phosphatase |
| what is the relationship between phosphorylation and activation of glycogen synthase | glycogen synthase is inactive when it's phosphorylated,and active when it's dephosphorylated |
| What is the function of insulin | insulin promotes glycogenesis by activating phosphoprotein phosphatase(dephosphorylation of GS)and inhibiting G3K |
| which enzymes degrade the alpha 1,4 bonds | phosphorylase is the enzyme degrading alpha(1,4 bonds) |
| pathway of glucagon in glycogenolysis | adenylate cyclase C AMP activates protein kinase A that inactivate glycogen synthase and activates phosphorylase |
| pathway of insulin in glycogenosis | phosphodiesterasse(C AMP to 5' AMP) |
| allosteric regulation of glycogenolysis | G6P and ATP inhibit glycogen phophorylase AMP activates |
| what is the receptor of epinephrine in the liver called | alpha agonist receptor |
| what does the epinephrine stimulate ? | glycogen phosphorylase activation glycogen synthase inhibition |
| how does the AMP act in the muscle | AMP activates phosphorylase |
| effect of Ca2+ action | Ca2+ activates phosphorylase kinase |
| does glucagon have an effect of glucagon? | no it hasn't an effect |
| whi enzyme is responsible for hydrolysis of alpha 1,6 bonds | amylo 1,6glucosidase |
| andersen's disease | glycoden branching enzyme defficiency |
Created by:
chaimaa
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