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Physical vs Chemical
Physical vs Chemical Change
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| thermal energy | the energy of matter that depends on its temperature. the higher its temperature, the more of this type of energy it has. an example is heating ice or a liquid (ADDING) or cooling a liquid in the freezer (REMOVING) |
| chemical energy | the energy stored in the bonds inside substance. it is stored in the bonds between the atoms or molecules of the substance. an example is a battery. |
| melting point | solids will melt to a liquid state when their temperature goes above this point |
| freezing point | liquids will freeze to a solid state when their temperature goes below this point |
| boiling point | liquids will boil and became a gas when their temperature goes above this point |
| law of conservation of energy | the scientific law that says energy can NOT be created or destroyed, just changed from one type to another |
| vaporization | the change of state from a liquid to a gas. example is water boiling in a pot. it happens all through the liquid, at the top AND middle AND bottom. |
| condensation | the change of state from a gas to a liquid |
| evaporation | when a liquid changes to a gas AT THE SURFACE. example is water sitting in a glass. |
| sublimation | when a substance goes from solid directly to gas. there is NO liquid state for this substance. example is "dry ice" which not made of carbon dioxide and NOT water. it goes from solid directly to gas. |
| chemical reaction | another term for a chemical change |
| liquid | matter that has NO definite shape but DOES have definite volume |
| solid | matter that HAS definite shape AND definite volume |
| gas | matter that has NO definite shape and NO definite volume |
| viscosity | the resistance that a liquid (or fluid) has to moving easily, the more it GELS the more of this it has. water has LOW viscosity. hand sanitizer and oil has HIGH viscosity. |
| crystalline solid | a solid that has a regular AND repeating pattern, if you zoom in you will see regular and repeating shapes. |
| amorphous solid | a solid that has NO regular or repeating pattern, if you zoom in you will see DIFFERENT types of patterns and shapes. |
| examples of crystalline solids | salt AND sugar |
| examples of amorphous solids | glass AND plastic |
| 0 degrees Celsius | melting point of ice AND freeing point of water |
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