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Plant Reproduction
Asexual and sexual reproduction in plants
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Describe how male gametes are formed in sexual reproduction | Diploid microspore cell divides by meiosis to form four haploid daughter cells. The nuclei inside the daughter cells divide by mitosis producing two nuclei: the generative and tube nuclei |
Where does male gamete formation take place? | The anther (in the stamen) |
Describe how female gametes are formed in sexual reproduction | Diploid megaspore divides by meiosis to form four haploid cells. Three die. Nucleus in remainder divides by mitosis 3 times, forming 8 nuclei. 5 die. Two become polar nuclei, one becomes egg |
Where does female gamete formation take place? | Carpel |
What is pollination? | Transfer of pollen from the anther into the stigma (carpel) |
After fertilisation, what becomes the fruit? | The ovary |
After fertilisation, what becomes the seed? | The ovule |
Define dormancy | Period of slow growth/no growth/ no metabolism |
Define germination | Regrowth/growth of the embryo/seed |
Outline fertilisation in sexual reproduction in plants | Pollen grain lands on stigma. Tube nucleus causes tube to grow from the stigma to the micropyle and ovule. The generative nucleus divides by mitosis and become the sperm nuclei. Double fertilisation occurs |
What is double fertilisation? | |
In flowering plants, what fuses with what to produce what in double fertilisation? | 1 sperm nucleus fuses with polar nuclei to form the triploid endosperm. 1 sperm nucelus fuses with the egg cell to form the zygote |
What is dispersal? | Spreading seeds away from the parent plant |
Why is dispersal necessary? | To prevent competition, colonise new areas, increase number of plants |
Name the three types of dispersal | Wind, animal, self |