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The Endocrine System

Hormones

QuestionAnswer
What is a hormone and where do they come from? A chemical messenger that is secreted by glands
What is the difference between endocrine glands and exocrine glands? Endocrine- release products into the blood Exocrine- do not release products into the blood
Name the glands of the endocrine system Pancreas, ovaries, testes, adrenal gland, pituitary gland, thymus, thyroid, parathyroid gland, pineal gland, hypothalmus
What hormone does the thymus gland release and what is its purpose? Thymosin to mature T-cells
What hormone does the pineal gland release and what is its purpose? Melatonin to regulate sleep
What hormone do the ovaries release? Oestrogen
What hormone do the testes release? Testosterone
What hormone does the thyroid gland release and what is its purpose? Thyroxin/Thyroxine to control the rate of the bodies metabolism
What effect will an overactive thyroid have on a body (hyperthyroidism)? Increase in metabolism
What effect will an under active thyroid have on a body (hypothyroidism)? Decrease in metabolism
What are the symptoms and treatments of hyperthyroidism? Symptoms: loss of weight, anxiety, bulging eyes (extreme case) Treatments: Drug to surpress thyroxine or removal of part of the thyroid
What are the symptoms and treatments of hypothyroidism? Symptoms: weight gain, tiredness, goitre (swelling of thyroid, extreme case) Treatments: Thyroxine tablets
What hormone do the parathyroids excrete and what is its purpose? Parathormone to stimulate the release of calcium in the bones
How many parathyroid glands are there and where are they located? Four parathyroid glands found in the thyroid
Give an example of an exocrine gland Sweat gland
What does the pituitary gland do? Produces hormones that regulate other endocrine glands
Give an example and function of a hormone secreted by the pituitary gland FSH- causes eggs to become mature/stimulates an egg to mature in the ovary
What does the hypothalmus link? The nervous system and the endocrine system
What does the hypothalmus do? Produces hormones that control the pituitary gland
Give an example of a hormone secreted by the hypothalmus and give a function Dopamine- makes you happy
Name two hormones the adrenal glands secrete Adrenaline (fight or flight) and epinepherine
What does adrenaline do to the body? Increases blood flow to the heart, muscles and brain while reducing blood flow to the kidneys
Is the pancreas endocrine or exocrine? Both
Name a hormone and its function that is secreted from the pancreas Insulin- regulates blood sugar level by decreasing the blood sugar level
Where specifically is insulin released from? Islets of Langerhan
What is the negative feedback system? The production of a hormone that inhibits the production of another hormone
Name four different hormone supplements Insulin, anabolic steroids, melatonin and contraception
Who might need insulin as a hormone supplement? Type 1 diabetics
Name three forms of contraception The pill, IUD, the patch etc
What anabolic steroid might someone take and why? Testosterone- builds muscles, speeds up recovery, strengthens bones
Explain an example of the negative feedback system Not enough thyroxine is being produced, so the Pituitary gland sends TSH to stimulate thyroxine production. The production of thyroxine will stimulate the negative feedback system to go back to the pituitary gland and stop the production of TSH
Created by: sjbuzb
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