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Microbiology 18

Practical Applications of Immunology

QuestionAnswer
Inoculation of smallpox into skin Variolation
Inoculation of cowpox into skin Vaccination
Most of the population are immune to the disease Herd Immunity
Live weakened microbes (Influenza, measles, rubella, mumps, chicken pox) Attenuated whole-agent vaccines
Killed microbes(Polio, Rabies, Hep A, Influenza) Inactivated whole-antigen vaccines
Inactivated toxins Toxoids
Antigenic fragments (hep B) Subunit vaccines
Fractions of microbes that contain desired antigenic fragment Acellular vaccines
Fragments of microbes that are antigens combined with proteins Conjugated vaccines
Naked DNA into muscle Nucleid Acid (DNA) vaccines
Test reactive if specimen is a true positive Sensitivity
Test will not be reactive if a specimen is a true negative Specificity
Fusion of a cancer cell with an Ab-secreting plasma cell producing monoclonal antibodies Hybridoma
monoclonal antibodies conjugate with a toxin to target cancer cells Immunotoxin
Modified mice that produce antibodies with a human constant Chimeric monoclonal antibodies
monoclonal antibodies that are mostly human Humanized monoclonal antibodies
Antigen on a cell linked together by antibodies Direct Agglutination Test
Antigen attach to latex beads Indirect Agglutination Test
Viruses have the ability to agglutinate RBC Viral hemaglutination
Detects the presence of antibodies Compliment Fixation
Antigen forming "sandwich" (drugs) Direct ELISA (enzyme linked immunosorbent assay)
Anti-HISG (human anti immune serum globulin) bound antibody (HIV) Indirect ELISA
Direct, Indirect, Agglutination, Hemagglutination, Precipitation, Compliment fixation, Neutralization, ELISA Serological Tests
used to detect proteins Western Blotting
used to separate proteins Electrophoresis
unknown antigen fixed onto slide and and fluorescent antibodies added Direct fluorescent antibody techniques
known antigen fixed onto slide and unknown antibody added. Indirect fluorescent antibody techniques
Created by: Deebaby
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