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RadBio/Protect Mock
Radiation Bio and Protection Mock
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Which photon-tissue interaction produces radiation that may expose others in the room during fluoroscopy? | Compton |
| If the radiation dose 6 feet from the xray tube is 5 R, what is the dose at the distance of 3 feet? | 20 R |
| Effective dose limit is: | The level of radiation that an organism can receive and probably sustain no appreciable damage |
| The secondary protective barrier used in room shielding must be at least how thick? | 1/32 inch PB equivalent |
| The radiation dose that, if received by the entire population would cause the same genetic injury as the the total of doses received by the members actually being exposed is called: | Genetically significant dose |
| A lead apron of at least what thickness should be worn while being exposed to scatter radiation? | 0.50 mm Pb equivalent |
| OSL dosimeters may be scanned and reanalyzed how frequent? | An unlimited number of times |
| The amount of time the beam is on and directed at a particular barrier is called: | Use factor |
| The unit of the curie would be used in what imaging modality? | Nuclear Medicine |
| OSL dosimeters may be worn as long as: | One quarter |
| Secondary protective barriers must be extended to a height of: | The ceiling |
| Radiation that is contained in the environment is called: | Natural background |
| Which of the following states that the radiosensitivity of cells is directly proportional to their reproductive activity and inversely proportional to their degree of differentation? | Law of Bergonie and Tribondeau |
| The SI unit of equivalent dose and effective dose is the: | Sievert |
| The traditional unit of absorbed dose is the: | Rad |
| The photoelectric effect is: | Results in absorption of the incident photon |
| The effective dose limit for radiographers is: | 5 rem per year |
| Medical xrays are an example of: | Artificially produced radiation |
| What agency publishes radiation protection recommendations? | NCRP |
| Leakage radiation from a diagnostic xray tube may not exceed: | 100 mR per hour, measured at 1 meter from the housing |
| The most common effect from exposure to ionizing radiation is: | Nothing |
| The traditional unit of radioactivity is the: | Curie |
| The gonadal shielding should be used: | Whenever it will not obstruct the area of clinical interest |
| One hundred ergs of energy deposited per gram of tissue is defined as: | Rad |
| Highly reactive ions that have unpaired electrons in the outer shell is called: | Free radicals |
| How often is filtration adjusted by the radiographer? | Never |
| Measurement of positive and negative particles created when radiation ionizes atoms in the air helps define the: | Roentgen |
| The effective dose limit for the general public is: | 500 mrem per year |
| Which photon-tissue interaction makes radiography possible because of its creation of contrast? | Photoelectric |
| Compton interaction does what? | may produce a gray fog on the image, thereby lowering contrast |
| an area occupied by persons trained in radiation safety and wearing personnel monitoring devices is called a(n): | Controlled area |
| The exposure switch on a portable xray machine must be attached to a cord that is at least how many feet long? | 6 feet |
| The upper boundary dose that can be absorbed carries a negligible risk or genetic damage to the individual defines: | Effective dose limit |
| The use of gonadal shielding on female patients may reduce gonad dose by up to: | 50% |
| Which of the following causes about 95% of cellular response to radiation? | Indirect effect |
| Which of the following causes 5% of the cellular response to radiation? | Direct effect |
| The annual effective dose limit for general public, assuming frequent exposure is: | 0.1 rem |
| The greatest source of natural background radiation to human is: | Radon |
| Attenuation describes: | changes in the xray beam as it travels through the patient |
| The process of somatic cell division is called: | Mitosis |
| Filters made of aluminum and copper are placed in the film badge to measure xray: | Energy |
| Radiation with high LET: | is highly ionizing |
| Xray control booth is considered by a: | Secondary protective barrier |
| The most commonly used gonadal shielding is the: | Contact shield |
| The photon-tissue interaction is diagnostic radiography that results in the total absorption of an xray photon and the production of contrast in the radiographic image is: | Photoelectric |
| Which photon-tissue interaction produces a recoil and a scattered photon in diagnostic radiography? | Compton |
| Optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dosimeters are sensitive to exposures as low as: | 1 mrem |
| An area for the general public such as waiting rooms and stairways is considered a(n): | Uncontrolled area |
| The SI unit of absorbed dose is the: | Gray |
| The equivalent dose limit for the embryo-fetus is: | 500 mrem during gestation |
| Which of the following would be applicable to radiation therapy? | Law of bergonie and tribondeau |
| Film badges are generally accurate down to the level of: | 10 mrem |
| A concept of radiographic practice that encourages radiation users to adopt measures that keeps the dose to the patient and themselves at minimum levels is called: | ALARA |
| The average dose to activated bone marrow as an indicator of somatic effect son population is called: | Mean marrow dose |
| The protective curtain hanging from the fluoro tower must be at least: | 0.25 mm Pb equivalent |
| Cells that are oxygenated are most susceptible to radiation damage. This describes what? | Oxygenated enhancement ratio |
| The amount of radiation deposited per unit of length of tissues tranversed by incoming photons is called: | Linear Energy transfer (LET) |
| When radiation strikes the cytoplasm, which of the following will occur? | Indirect effect |
| The radiation weighing factors for xray is: | 1 |
| Film badges are changed: | Monthly |
| The secondary protective barrier must be overlapping the primary protective barrier by at least: | 1/2 inch |
| Medical xrays are examples of | Artificially produced radiation |
| Primary protective barriers if in the wall, must extend to a highest of at least: | 7 feet |
| For purposes of radiation protection, the xray beam is filtered tubes operating above 70 kvp must have total filtration of: | At least 2.5 mm aluminum equivalent |
| Linear energy transfer: | Varies for different types of radiation |
| The exposure switch must keep the radiographer behind the: | Secondary protective barrier |
| Most radiation-induced damage to the cells occur: | At doses of radiation much higher than that used in radiography |
| Ionization may cause: | Unstable atoms |
| Radiation protection is based on which dose-response relationship? | Linear-nonthreshold |
| What takes into account the volume and types of exams performed in the room? | Workload |
| The minimum source-to-skin distance for fixed fluoroscope is: | 15 inches |
| Damage to cell being irradiated is called: | somatic |
| The energy stored in an OSL dosimeter is released when the dosimeter is exposed to: | Laser |
| The traditional unit dose equivalent is the: | Rem |
| The effective dose limit of radiographers is: | 5000 mrem per year |
| Radiation that exits the xray tube from the anode is called: | Primary radiation |
| Cell damage may be exhibited as: | Loss of function or abnormal function |
| The annual effective dose limit for the general public assuming infrequent exposure is: | 0.5 rem |
| For optimum radiation protection, what type of exposure technique should be used? | High kVp and Low mAs |
| Xrays may remove electrons from atoms in the body by a process called: | Ionization |
| Mutations are examples of: | Genetic effects |
| The amount of radiation deposited per unit length of tissue transversed by incoming photons is called: | Linear energy transfer (LET) |
| Increased dose equals increased probability of effects best describes which of the following? | Stochastic effects |
| The intensity of the scattered beam is 1/1000 the intensity of the primary beam at a _______ angle 1 meter from the patient. | 90 degrees |
| The master molecule that directs cell activities is: | DNA |
| Background radiation is the source of what percent of human exposure? | 82% |
| The traditional unit of activity is the: | Curie |
| How thick are primary protective barriers? | 1/16 inch lead equivalent |
| Cataractogensis, life span shortening, embryologic effects and carcinogensis are examples of: | Long term somatic effects |
| Compton interaction does what? | Decreases contrast in the radiographic image |
| The traditional unit of in-air exposure is the: | Roentgen |
| Radiation safety standards assume what relationship between dose and response? | Linear - nonthreshold |
| The units of equivalent dose, activity, in air exposure, and absorbed dose are: | Rem, Curie, Roentgen and Rad |
| Radiation doses up to ______- are considered low risk to the embryo-fetus. | 15 to 20 rads |
| The bucky slot cover must be at least: | 0.25 mm Pb equivalent |
| The blood count is depressed following a whole body dose equivalent of at least how many rads? | 25 rads |
| Thermoluminescent dosimeters use what type of crystals to record dose? | Lithium Fluoride |
| somatic effects of radiation are: | caused when a large dose of high LET radiation is received by a large area of the body |
| Use of a thyroid shield of at least what thickness should be used for Fluoroscopy? | 0.50 mm Pb equivalent |
| The minimum source-to-skin distance for portable radiography is: | At least 12 inches |
| TLDs are heated and release what type of energy to indicate dose? | Visible light |
| For optimum radiation protection, what type of film screen system should be used? | Fast |
| Radiation effects that show up in the next generation are called: | Genetic |
| Which of the following is (Are) relatively insensitive to radiation? | Nerve tissue |
| When radiation strikes DNA, which of the following will occur? | Direct effect |
| Under what conditions may the radiographer be exposed to the primary beam? | Never, under any conditions |
| The best way to keep radiation dose to the patient low is: | Avoiding repeat exposures |
| Cataractogenesis does not occur at low levels of radiation exposure. Therefor it is best expressed by which of the following dose-response relationship? | Threshold |
| Rads multiplied by a radiation weighing factor equals: | Rem |
| How is workload factor meaused? | mA minutes per week |
| The personal dosimeter report reads in what unit of measurement? | Rem or mrem |
| The recording material is an OSL dosimeter is: | Aluminum oxide |
| Graphs that demonstrate the relationship between radiation received and the organism response is called: | Dose-response curves |
| Rem multiplied by a radiation weighing factor equals: | Rem |
| The equivalent dose limit for the embryo-fetus is: | 0.05 rem per month |
| The cumulative occupational exposure for a 22-year old radiographer is: | 22 rem |
| The annual effective dose per person from natural background radiation is approx: | 295 mrem |
| An uncontrolled area must be kept under what dose annually? | 0.50 rem |
| The cumulative occupational exposure for a 29 year old radiographer is: | 11 mrem |
| The amount of radiation that causes the number genetic mutations in a population to double is called the: | Doubling dose |
Created by:
kevincan
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