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Earthworms&Mollusks
test
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| What does “annelid” mean? | annelid = little ring |
| Why are these organisms classified as an annelid | segmented |
| Why are earthworms important ecologically? | eat dead/decomposing organic matter Food for other organisms Aerate the soil Recycle important nutrients in the soil |
| What are setae? | bristles on every segment |
| Why are setae important to annelids? | function in movement, defense |
| Briefly explain how an earthworm crawls. | 1) anchor posterior setae 2). contract anterior circular muscles (elongates the front of the worm) 3) anchor anterior setae 4) contract posterior longitudinal muscles |
| What do worms eat? | eat dead/decomposing organic matter |
| Trace a bite of dirt/food through the digestive tract of an earthworm. | The food goes through the mouth to the pharynx to the crop and through the gizzard then it goes through the intestine and is excreted |
| Beginning with the aortic arches, explain how blood flows through an earthworm. | The aortic arches pump the blood into the ventral blood vessel then the blood moves from anterior to posterior, secondary blood vessels and capillaries, where it supplies oxygen and nutrients, it goes to the dorsal blood vessel that carries it to heart |
| Where is the ventral nerve cord located | right next to the ventral blood vessel |
| What is the ventral nerve cord function? | conducts impulses from brain to body |
| What is the function of nephridia? | eliminate nitrogen wastes |
| Where are nephridia located? | excretory system in each segment of the worm |
| Why do earthworms secrete mucus? | to protect eggs and help breathe |
| Explain annelid reproduction using the correct anatomical terms. Include the seminal vesicles, seminal receptacles, and clitellum. | The earthworms line up their pores, where they exchange their gametes. The seminal receptacles store the sperm until they are ready to release the eggs. The eggs are stored in the clitellum until they are ready to release the eggs in the soil. |
| How are leeches unique among annelids? | Used for medical therapies and they are external parasites |
| What does “mollusk” mean? Why are they classified in this way? | Soft body dont have a skeleton |
| What does “gastropod” mean? What organisms are in this group? | stomach foot Snails, garden slugs |
| How do gastropods breathe? | through their skin |
| Do gastropods have an open or closed circulatory system? | open |
| What special structure do gastropods use for eating? | radula |
| What is radula | Tooth like tongue made out of chitin |
| How do aquatic and terrestrial gastropods differ in terms of reproduction? | Terrestrial - mostly hermaphrodites Aquatic - mostly separate sexes |
| What does “bivalve” mean? | two shells |
| What organisms are in this group? | clams, oysters, mussels |
| What are the two primary functions of the gills in bivalves? | feeding and breathing |
| Explain how bivalves feed using the correct terms. | filter feeders : draw water in through one siphon, filter out food with gills |
| How are bivalves different from all other mollusks in regards to their head? | dont have a head |
| What is the function of the mantle in a bivalve? | layer of tissue that covers the soft body (and secretes the shell) |
| What does “cephalopod” mean? What organisms are in this group? | head foot = developed head and foot (tentacles) Squid |
| How is the circulatory system of cephalopods unique in the mollusk group? | only group with a closed circulatory system |
| What are the different ways cephalopods defend themselves? | *propulsion - ejecting water rapidly out the excurrent siphon *inking - secreting a dark fluid that blinds and dulls the senses of the predator *camouflage - chromatophores, muscles in skin |
Created by:
KiahnaL
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