Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
A&P Test 1 Ch1-2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| ABDOMINOPELVIC CAVITY- | Abdominal & PELVIC AREAS Stomach,Intestines, Liver, Gallbladder, Pancreas, Spleen & Kidneys |
| ANATOMICAL POSITION | the body is upright with face front, head straight and forward, palms also facing forward and feet parallel |
| ANATOMY- | (MORPHOLOGY) Studies the STRUCTURE of the body. Comes form the word DISSECT |
| CRANIAL CAVITY- | Head located within the skull & contains brain |
| DORSAL CAVITY | CRANIAL & SPINAL CAVITIES |
| FRONTAL PLANE | CORONAL- Anterior or Posterior |
| HOMEOSTASIS | Balance; Body's ability to maintain stable internal environment |
| MORPHOLOGY-ANATOMY- Body | the study of the body and the relationship of one part to another |
| ORGAN | Groups of tissues arranged into orgams with a specific function |
| PHYSIOLOGY- | Branch of Science of How the Body works or Functions |
| PATHOPHYSIOLOGY- | branch of science that describes consequences of improper functioning of body parts. Would describe what happens when there is a disease. |
| SAGITTAL PLANE | Midsagitall. Divides body lengthwise. Into right/Left portions |
| SPINAL (VERTEBRAL) CAVITY | Spinal cord. Extends form Cranial & contains Spinal Cord |
| THORACIC CAVITY | Thorax= Ribs |
| TRANSVERSE PLANE | Divides Superior ==> Inferior |
| VENTRAL CAVITY | Abdominopelvic & Thoracic |
| VISCERA | Organs |
| • Dissection was the only way for anatomists to discover the human body | |
| BODY’S LEVEL OF ORGANIZATION | Atoms Molecules Cells Tissues Organs ORganism |
| ATOMS | smallest particle |
| MOLECULES | 2 OR MORE ATOMS BONDING |
| CELLS | Basic unit of Life |
| TISSUES | Specialized group of cells |
| ORGANS | Tissues arranged to form an organ, which has a specific function (heart-blood) |
| SYSTEMS | Groups of Organs |
| ORGANISM | Organ systems together (human being) |
| 11 Organ systems | Intergumentary Skeletal Muscular Nervous Circulatory Endocrine Lymphatic Digestive Respiratory Urinary Reproductive |
| Endocrine System | Regulate body activities: growth, reproduction, metabolism & water balanced Glands that secretes Hormones & chemical substances |
| Integumentary System | Cover body Regulates Temperature Sensation Skin, hair & nails |
| Nervous System | Info form environment is send to the brain to make Decisions then transmit it back to nerves which sends signals to organs Brain,Spinal cord= Interpreted Info Nerves = Transmit info Sense organs=Receive info |
| Circulatory System | Pumps & transport blood (food, water, oxygen & waste) Heart & blood Vessels |
| Muscular System | Supports & allows movement Maintenance of body Posture 3 Types: SKELETAL MUSCLES attach to the bones |
| Urinary System | Bladder, kidneys helps EXCRETES waste products & composition water |
| Respiratory System | Conduct air to & from the lungs |
| Digestive System | Processes food & eliminates waste products. Helps control amt & composition of water. |
| Skeletal System | Basic body’s framework Protects & supports body organs Bones, joints & Cartilage |
| Reproductive Systems | Enable humans to reproduce |
| Lymphatic System | Lymph nodes, Lymphatic Vessels, lymph & other lymphoid organs |
| PERIPHERAL | Part that is located away from the center; Opposite Central. Position of blood vessels relative to the heart(central location) |
| SUPERIOR | Part is above |
| Buccal | Cheek |
| CEPHALIC | Head |
| ORAL | MOUTH |
| INGUINAL | GROIN |
| PUBIC | GENITAL AREA |
| DIGITAL | FINGERS &TOES |
| CRANIAL | SKULL |
| CERVICAL | NECK |
| FLANK | Flushy area between the Ribs & Hip Bones |
| PEDAL | FEET |
| ORBITAL | Around Eye |
| ANTECUBITAL | Space in front of the elbow (Brachial artery) |
| STERNUM | Breastbone |
| CHEMISTRY | Study of matter |
| Acid | Electrolyte that dissociates into Hydrogen Ion (H+) & anion |
| Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) | Base + Sugar + 3 phosphate groups ADP + P + ENERGY= ATP Hihgh energy bonds.Energy stored within the high bonds Energy released from ATP can be used by cell to perform tasks |
| Atom | SMALLEST UNIT of an element |
| Base | Substances that combine with H+. Usuallu they are OH- (HYDROXYL ION) |
| Catalyst | |
| Compound | moLECULES FORMED BY TWO OR MORE DIFFERENT ATOMS. CO2 o WATER⇒ H2O o OXYGEN⇒ O2 o Carbon Dioxide==> CO2 |
| Covalent Bond | H2O O=H=O Share e-If protein break aprt in water, then hormones would be unable to accomplish their tasks |
| Electrolyte | Substances that forms ions when it is Dissolved in water.Capable of conducting an electrical current |
| Element | Fundamental substance that cannot be broken down into a simpler form by ordinary chemical reactions.COMPOSED OF ATOMS |
| Energy | ability to perform work, 6 forms - mechanical, chemical, electrical, radiant, thermal, nuclear |
| Enzyme | When proteins perform the role of catalysts |
| Hydrogen Bond | Intermolecular bonds, they do not involve, or sharing of the e- In water they interact with the weak H |
| Isotope | Additional Neutrons that changes its atomic weight (mass) |
| Matter | Anything that occupies space & has weight. Anything u see & U look. C-H-O-N |
| Molecule | 2 OR MORE ATOMS (ELEMENTS) BOND TOGETHER,Two identical atoms may bond. |
| pH | Unit of measurement that indicates how many H+ are in a solution |
| Solution | Particles mixed together evenly distributed |
| Suspension | particles are large & tend to settle at the bottom |
| SOLID MATTER | Skin,bones, & teeth |
| ELEMENTS | • Fundamental substances that cannot be broken down into simpler forms by ordinary chemical means • There are four elements that make up 96% of the body cells (CHON) |
| C-H-O-N | CARBON C HYDROGEN H OXYGEN O NITROGEN N |
| LIQUID | Takes shape of the container it is in- Blood, Saliva & Digestive juices |
| GAS | Neither shape nor volume. Gas or Gaseous |
| SOLID | Definite shape & volume |
| o PHYSICAL CHANGE | Physical |
| o CHEMICAL CHANGE | CHEMICAL composition change due to the change wood undergoes= Burned (ashes) |
| MATTER | Anything that occupies space & has weight Exists in 3 states Solid Liquid Gas |
| TRACE ELEMENTS | Present in tiny amts. Elements are essential for life. |
| Na + | SODIUM= Fluid balance (principal extracellular) cation. NERVE-MUSCLE Function |
| K + | POTASSIUM= NERVE & MSCLE Function. Chief INTRAcellular CATION |
| N | NITROGEN |
| C | CARBON |
| CATALYST | Speed up the rate of chemical reaction |
| ORGANIC | Carbon substance |
| INORGANIC | Substance that doesn’t have C |
| Diaphragm | the muscle that is used in breathing |
| PROTONS | Positive charge (same number in an element as Electrons) |
| NEUTRONS | Neutral= No charge (n + p = Atomic Mass) |
| ELECTRONS | Negative charge |
| ATOMIC NUMBER | Protons= Electrons |
| ATOMIC WEIGHT | PROTONS + NEUTRONS |
| ISOTOPE | atoms with the same atomic number but different atomic weights |
| IONIZATION | Products of dissociation (split or breaks apart) in a solution. NaCl==> Na+ + Cl- (ONLY ELECTROLYTES IONIZE) |
| RADIOACTIVITY | Used clinically to damage cells |
| RADIOISOTOPES | Unstable isotopes that decay into a more simple substance by giving off waves or particles |
| ELECTRON SHELLS | Completed 8 electrons |
| CHEMICAL | |
| Ca | CALCIUM= Component of bones & teeth; blood clotting muscle CONTRACTION |
| Mg | MAGNESIUM= |
| P | PHOSPHORUS |
| S | SULFUR |
| Fe | IRON= Component of Hemoglobin (Oxygen Transport) |
| I | IODINE= |
| Cr | CHROMIUM |
| Co | COBALT |
| Cu | COPPER |
| F | FLUORINE |
| Se | SELENIUM |
| Zn | ZINC |
| CATIONS | + |
| ANIONS | - |
| ELECTROLYTE | capable of conducting electrical current. Substance that forms ions when it is dissolved in water |
| POLAR MOLECULE | molecule THAT HAS A POSITIVE END & NEGATIVE END= LOPSIDED |
| IONIZATION | |
| ORGANIC CHEMISTRY | Study of CArbon containing substances |
| NH4+ | AMMONIUM Important in Acid base regulation |
| Cl- | Primary extracellular Anion |
| HCO3- | Important in Acid-Base regulation |
| (PO4)3- | Component of bones & teeth ; component of ATP (energy) |
| WATER | Most abundant component of our body.Essential for Life |
| water as UNIVERSAL Solvent | B/c most substances dissolve in water. SOLVENT. due to Polarity (attraction) |
| Water as Temperature Regulator | Ability to absorb lg amts of heat without increasing dramatically |
| Water as an ideal Lubricant | Mucous & lubricating fluids that decrease friction |
| Water in Chemical Reactions | Crucial role in Chemical reactions. Break down Carbohydrates |
| Water as protective Device | Protects important structure |
| OXYGEN | O2 |
| mechanical Energy | Energy that causes Movement (walking, contraction of heart) |
| chemical | Stored in Chemical bonds (Fuel to do work) |
| electrical | Released from movement of charged particles |
| radiant | Energy that travels in waves (Light: stimulates eye vision; Ultraviolet radiation; |
| thermal | Energy transferred bc of Temperature difference |
| nuclear | Energy released during decay of radioactive substances such as isotopes |
| BUFFER | buffer keeps something where it should be. It buffers adverse swings. It shields, cushions and protects. a good ionic concentration to maintain a solid pH that stays within an ideal range for the thing being measured. |
| "LYTES" | ELECTROLYTES= Ions such Na+, Cl-, Mg+2, HCO3-... |
| PLUMBISM | Pb- Lead causes poisoning |
| ANTACIDS | When excess of HCl is due to Stomach acid, a buffer is given= Aluminum Hydroxide |
| UMBILICAL | Belly button |
| CAUDAL | Tail Bone. Lower region of the spinal column |
| GLUTEAL | Buttocks |
| DELTOID | Muscle in your back |
| SCAPULAR | Shoulder Blade area |
| LUMBAR | Back ( inferior to ribs) |
| OCCIPITAL | Back of the Head |
| POPLITEAL | Back of Knee |
| MEDIASTINUM | Space that contains the heart, Esophagus, Trachea, Thymus land & large vessels attach ot heart |
| ADENOSINE TRIPHOSPHATE (ATP) | • ATP transfers energy from one chemical substance to another • Energy is stored in the Phosphate bonds of ATP • Energy release produced by ATP can be used directly by the cell ATP Yields to ADP and P |
| MIXTURE | cOMBINATIONS OF 2 OR MORE SUBSTANCES That can be separated by ordinary physical means |
| SLUTIONS | Mixtures; mixed together remian evenly distributed |
| SOLVENT | Greater amount= Water. It does the Dissolving. |
| AQUEOUS SOLUTION | Water is the solvent |
| TINCTURE | Alcohol is the SOLVENT |
| SUSPENSIONS | Mixtures w/ particles that are relatively lg and tend to settle at the bottom (SAnd & water= sand at the bottom) |
| COLLOIDAL SUSPENSION | Particles do not dissolved but they are small & remain suspended within the liquid Blood Plasma MAYONNAISE & JELLY |
| ACIDOTIC-ACIDIOSIS | FORM Blood (7.35-7.45) to 7.23 cAUSES SERIOUS CLINICAL PROBLEMS bc Body enzymes work best at normal Blod pH |
| ALKALOTIC | pH rises above 7.45. It can be regulated with Buffers,lungs & Kidneys |
| Midpoint of pH scale | 7= pURE WATER. WHERE H+ pure water equals the number of OH- |
| Stomach pH | 1-4 |
| HCl pH | Hydrchloric Acid |
| Urine pH | 5-8 normally acidic |
| Intestinal Secretions pH | 8-10 Alkaline |
| Blood pH | 7.35-7.45 |
| ADP | Same as ATP but one less P |
| SOLUTE | Substance present in smaller amt |
| SOLVENT | WATER: Greater amt |
| BASES | ALKALINE= OH- 7-14=Fewer H+ |
Created by:
510756990
Popular Nursing sets