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Zoology Unit 7
Zoo Unit 7 Fish
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Phylum Chordata | a group of animals with a notochord; from which all vertebrate classes evolved |
| Subphylum Vertebrata | all organisms having a backbone; includes fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals |
| Fish | gill breathing, ectothermic, aquatic, usually with fins and covered with scales |
| Gnathostomata | superclass of fish with jaws; from which sharks and bony fish evolved |
| Agnatha | superclass of fish without jaws |
| Class Chondrichthyes | cartilaginous fish; sharks,skates, and rays |
| Class Osteichthyes | bony fish |
| countershading | dorsal surface is darker while the ventral surface is lighter in color |
| buoyancy | ability to float in water |
| hypoosmotic regulators | marine fish; must drink a lot of water and produce concentrated urine to maintain water homeostasis |
| hyperosmotic regulators | freshwater fish; do not drink water and produce large amounts of dilute urine to maintain water homeostasis |
| lateral line system | canals in skin of fish that sense vibrations in water |
| ampullae of Lorenzini | in chondrichthyes, organs in the head that sense the bioelectric fields of living animals |
| poikilotherm | body temp adjusts depending on environment, as in fish |
| ectotherm | gain heat through the environment, as in fish |
| homeotherm | body temp remains stable, not found in fish |
| endotherm | gain heat from internal processes, not found in fish |
| viviparous | offspring born alive from mother |
| ovoviviparous | offspring develop from an egg inside their mother and then born |
| oviparous | mother lays an egg and the pup is born from that |
| pup | offspring of chondrichthyes |
| liver | in chondrichthyes, stores oil/fat to maintain buoyancy |
| rectal gland | in chondrichthyes, removes excess salt from their body |
| rays | viviparous chondrichthyes with flat , diamond shaped bodies, wing like pectoral fins, long tails with a spine at the end |
| skates | oviparous chondrichthyes with flat, triangular bodies, wing like pectoral fins, and no spines at ends of tails |
| spiracles | large openings on top of the head that draw water in over gills |
| swim bladder | gas filled organ in osteichthyes that helps maintain buoyancy |
| operculum | covering of gills in bony fish that keep water moving ; these fish do not have to continue to swim to breath |
| homocercal | symmetrical tail (dorsoventrally) found in bony fish |
| heterocercal | asymmetrical tail (dorsoventrally) found in cartilaginous fish; help maintain lift in the water |
| fusiform | word describing the torpedo shape of sharks and some bony fish |
| spawning | reproductive behavior of bony fish; mass amounts of eggs and sperm are released into the water for external fertilization |
| heart | 2 chambered organ in fish |
| kidney | organ of excretion in fish and other vertebrates |
| cloaca | single opening in fish for the release of urinary and digestive waste and reproductive cells |
| scales | protective structures on the body of most fish; streamline the body and can be used to determine age in temperate dwelling bony fish |
| benthic | bottom dwelling (as in fish) |
| pelagic | dwelling in the open water |
Created by:
Mrs. Meeks SHS
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