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Medical Terminology

Chapter 6 - Muscular System

TermDefinition
my/o Muscle
muscul/o Muscle
in/o Fiber
fasci/o Fascia
ten/o, tendin/o Tendon
ton/o Tone
erg/o Work
kine Movement
kin/o Movement
kinesi/o Movement
kinet/o Movement
Flexion Closing an angle at a joint (Bending)
Extension Opening an angle at a joint (Straightening)
Abduction Movement away from the midline of the body
Adduction Movement toward the midline of the body
Circumduction Circular movement from a central point
Rotation Turning of a body part on its own axis
Pronation Turning downward
Supination Turning upward
Supinate Palm towards the sun
Pronate Palm towards the plants
Eversion Turning outward
Inversion Turning inward
Dorsiflexion Bending backward
Plantar Flexion Bending the sole of the foot
ACh Acetylcholine
CFS Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
EMG Electromyography, Electromyogram
NMJ Neuromuscular Junction
OT Occupational Therapy
PT Physical Therapist/Therapist
ROM Range Of Motion
RTC Rotator Cuff
Insertion Point where a muscle is attached to a moving part of the skeleton
Origin Point where a muscle is attached to a stable part of the skeleton
Agonist Muscle that carries out a given movement
Antagonist Muscle that opposes an agonist
Ataxia Lack of muscle coordination (Dyssynergia)
Atrophy Wasting away. Decrease in tissue
Contracture Permanent contraction of a muscle
Isometric Pertaining to muscle action in which the muscle tenses but does not shorten (Same Measurement)
Isotonic Pertaining to muscle action in which the muscle shortens to accomplish movement (Same Tone)
Rheumatism Term for inflammation, soreness, and stiffness of muscles associated with joint pain
Spasm Sudden, involuntary muscle contraction
Clonic Contraction alternating with relaxation
Tonic Sustained
Spasticity Increased tone or contractions of muscles causing stiff and awkward movements
Sprain Injury to a ligament caused by abnormal or excessive force at a joint, but without bone fracture or dislocation
Strain Trauma to a muscle due to overuse or excessive stretch
Created by: KristalLeann
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