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Medical Terminology
Chapter 6 - Muscular System
Term | Definition |
---|---|
my/o | Muscle |
muscul/o | Muscle |
in/o | Fiber |
fasci/o | Fascia |
ten/o, tendin/o | Tendon |
ton/o | Tone |
erg/o | Work |
kine | Movement |
kin/o | Movement |
kinesi/o | Movement |
kinet/o | Movement |
Flexion | Closing an angle at a joint (Bending) |
Extension | Opening an angle at a joint (Straightening) |
Abduction | Movement away from the midline of the body |
Adduction | Movement toward the midline of the body |
Circumduction | Circular movement from a central point |
Rotation | Turning of a body part on its own axis |
Pronation | Turning downward |
Supination | Turning upward |
Supinate | Palm towards the sun |
Pronate | Palm towards the plants |
Eversion | Turning outward |
Inversion | Turning inward |
Dorsiflexion | Bending backward |
Plantar Flexion | Bending the sole of the foot |
ACh | Acetylcholine |
CFS | Chronic Fatigue Syndrome |
EMG | Electromyography, Electromyogram |
NMJ | Neuromuscular Junction |
OT | Occupational Therapy |
PT | Physical Therapist/Therapist |
ROM | Range Of Motion |
RTC | Rotator Cuff |
Insertion | Point where a muscle is attached to a moving part of the skeleton |
Origin | Point where a muscle is attached to a stable part of the skeleton |
Agonist | Muscle that carries out a given movement |
Antagonist | Muscle that opposes an agonist |
Ataxia | Lack of muscle coordination (Dyssynergia) |
Atrophy | Wasting away. Decrease in tissue |
Contracture | Permanent contraction of a muscle |
Isometric | Pertaining to muscle action in which the muscle tenses but does not shorten (Same Measurement) |
Isotonic | Pertaining to muscle action in which the muscle shortens to accomplish movement (Same Tone) |
Rheumatism | Term for inflammation, soreness, and stiffness of muscles associated with joint pain |
Spasm | Sudden, involuntary muscle contraction |
Clonic | Contraction alternating with relaxation |
Tonic | Sustained |
Spasticity | Increased tone or contractions of muscles causing stiff and awkward movements |
Sprain | Injury to a ligament caused by abnormal or excessive force at a joint, but without bone fracture or dislocation |
Strain | Trauma to a muscle due to overuse or excessive stretch |