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10 Bio Test Revision

10 Biology Test Revision

TermDefinition
haploid half the amount of chromosomes
diploid double the amount of chromosomes
interphase resting phase of the cell
prophase chromosomes become visible, nuclear envelope dissolves, spindle forms
metaphase chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell
anaphase chromosomes move away to opposite sides of the cell
telophase the parent cell separates to form two genetically identical daughter cells
mitosis produces 2 genetically identical diploid body cells
meiosis produces 4 genetically different haploid sex cells
mutation a change in a DNA sequence
karyotype a picture of chromosomes ordered by size and banding pattern
allele different forms of a gene
gene DNA that codes for a specific trait
gamete sperm and egg cells
somatic cell body cells
locus location of a gene on a chromosome
haploid number of human chromosomes 23
diploid number of human chromosomes 46
recessive traits only observed when two recessive genes are present
dominant traits the trait observed when at least one dominant gene is present
heterozygous having two different alleles for a trait
homozygous having two identical alleles for a trait
phenotype physical characteristics of a trait
genotype genetic makeup of a trait
homozygous examples AA and aa
heterozygous example Aa
homologous chromosomes the 23 pairs of human chromosomes
A T
C G
stages of mitosis order interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
sources of genetic variation in meiosis crossing over, independent assortment, mutations
stages of meiosis order interphase 1, prophase 1, metaphase 1, anaphase1, telophase 1, prophase 2, metaphase 2, anaphase 2, telophase 2
parts of a nucleotide sugar, phosphate, base
male chromosomes XY
female chromosomes XX
down syndrome three copies of chromosome 21
location of DNA nucleus
dihybrid cross crossing 2 traits
Created by: justineforrest
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