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Lifespan Midterm
Mod 4
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| The nurse recognizes that the “dub” of the characteristic “lubb-dubb” heart sound indicates what part of the cardiac cycle?’ | Closure of the pulmonic and aortic semilunar valves |
| Which chamber of the heart should the nurse instruct has the greatest workload and usually fails first as a result? | Left Ventricle |
| A patient being treated for a severe blood loss has a blood pressure of 90/56 mm Hg and urine output of 10 mL over the last hour. Which physiological mechanism should the nurse recall is occurring in this patient? | Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone |
| The nurse suspects that a patient’s heart rate is being affected by parasympathetic influence. What should the nurse recall as the effect the parasympathetic nervous system has on the heart? | Decreased Heart Rate |
| V Tach | - No P Wave - 150 to 250 bpm |
| V Tach Interventions | - CPR - DFIB -Epinephrine |
| V Fib | - Chaotic, Extremely irregular - No P Wave / QRS - HR not measurable |
| V Fib Interventions | - Advanced Cardiac Life Support - Immediate DFIB - CPR |
| PR Rate | 0.12 - 0.20 |
| QRS | < 0.10 |
| QT | 0.34 - 0.43 |
| MI Interventions | - Jaw pain radiates to arm and back. - Chest pain (Nitro q5m; assess blood pressure/ HR & O2) - Check Troponin I & T / CKMB - If blue oxygen first |
| Patient w/ a fib, and discharged what medication should they be on? | Coumadine |
| Patients on medications potassium spearing diuretics, what lab do we watch? | Potassium Levels |
| Major risk for patients with Hypotension? | Falling |
| If patient is taking hydrochlorothiazide or hydrodiuril what education should you provide? | Eat bananas or Oranges Regularly |
| If treating a pt w/ acute pericarditis what medications should be seen? | - Anti-Inflammatory - NSAID |
| Pt has mitral stenosis, what needs to be taken before dental procedure? | - Antibiotics to prevent bacterial infection in the heart. |
| Pt aortic regurgitation, what happens? | - Blood is backflowing. - Alternate activities with rest periods |
| Opportunistic Infections | - Candida Albicans - Cytomegalovirus - Pneumocystic Pneumonia - TB - Kaposi Sarcoma |
| Angioedema | - Facial Swelling - Remains localized - Ineffective Airway Clearance |
| Blood Pressure is 218/124 | Request an Ambulance (911) |
| What precautions for MRSA Cellulitis | Contact Precautions |
| If you hear a friction rub when listening to lungs what is the tell | Pericarditis |
| DYE Testing | - Ask if any allergies to shellfish or iodine - Check BUN / Creatinine Levels |
| If patient complains of pain when moving leg or foot, what could this be a sign of? | Intermittent Claudication |
| If pt has pacemaker, what test can't they do ? | MRI |
| Best way to describe what a hypertensive emergency is. | Episode of hypertension affecting other organs |
| Fungal Pneumonia Medication | Fluconazole (Antifungal) |
| Varicose Veins | Poor valves in legs |
| Peripheral Vascular Disease Leg Check | -Look at toes and feet for edema, color, capillary refill, Pedal Pulses, AP pulse -Very weak pedal pulse with cyanosis – Notify Provider immediately. |
| Elevated TSH, decreased T3 and T4 are indications of which thyroid disease. | Hashimoto's Disease |
| Recovering from coronary bypass surgery what does the client need to sit up? | Must use heart pillow when getting up to protect sternum |
| Major sign of anaphalaxis | Stridor |
| What to monitor with a patient that has long term vascular disease and heart failure | - Nocturnal dyspnea - Orthopnea - Cough - Edema |
| Peripheral Vascular Disease (PVD) | - Narrow Veins - Elevate legs - V - Voluptuous pulses (warm legs) - E - Edema (blood pooling) - I - Irregular Shaped Sores - N - No sharp pain - dull pain - Y - Yellow & brown ankles |
| Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD) | - Narrow Artery - Allow legs to hang - A - Absent pulses (cool legs) - R - Round, red sores - T - Toes & Feet Pale - "eschar" - S - Sharp Calf Pain - Intermittent Claudication (Exercise/Elevation) |
| Peripheral Edema | - Acute Heart Failure - Severe fluid congestion - " Drowning in own secretions" |
| Pulmonary Edema S & S | - Pink, frothy sputum - Rapid Respirations/ Crackles/ Wheezes - Severe dyspnea, orthopnea (cant lie down) - Anxiety - Cool, Clammy skin |
| Orthostatic hypotension | A form of low blood pressure that happens when standing after sitting or lying down. |
| Hypertensive Emergencies | - Systolic higher than 180 - Diastolic higher than 120 - Risk for or progression of target organ dysfunction - Treatment: Nitroprusside (Nipride) I V |
| What happens in a cardiac cycle ? | - Atria Contracts - Ventricle Contracts |
| Post cardiac catheter patient nursing interventions | - Assess site of insertion - Check pedal pulses (let provider know) |
| Mitral Stenosis | Look at Hx for rheumatic fever |
| Part of the heart that controls heart rate? | - SA Node - Pacemaker = regulates HR |
| Hypertension Stage 1 | - S: 130- 139 - D: 80 - 89 |
| Hypertension Stage 2 | - S: > 140 - D: > 90 |
| Primary Hypertension | - Occurs when you have abnormally high blood pressure that's not the result of a medical condition. |
| Secondary Hypertension | - High blood pressure caused by another condition or disease. - Kidney Disease |
| Plavix (clopidogrel) | - Antiplatelet - lowers risk of heart attack, stroke or blood clots |
| Lasix (furosemide) | - Diuretic - Helps reduce the amount of excess fluid in the body by increasing the amount of urine produced |
| Inderal (propranolol) | - Antiarrhythmics - Antianginals - Contraindication = Complete heart block - Slows down your heart rate and makes it easier for your heart to pump blood around your body |
| hydrochlorothiazide (Hydrodiuril) | - Antihypertensives - Diuretic - Lowers high blood pressure |
| warfarin (coumadin) | - Anticoagulant |
| prednisone | - Corticosteroid - Anti inflammatory |
| fluconazole | - Anti Fungal |
Created by:
Cgannon12
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