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Chapter 13 Vocab
Chapter 13: Principles of Ecology
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Ecology | the study of the interactions among living things, and between living things and their surroundings |
| Community | a group of different species that live together in one area |
| Ecosystem | includes all the organisms as well ad the climate, soil, water, rocks, and other non-living things in a given area |
| Biome | a major regional or global community of organisms |
| Biotic | factors are living things, such as plants, animals, fungi, and bacteria |
| Abiotic | factors are nonliving things such as moisture, temperature, wind, sunlight, and soil |
| Biodiversity | the assortment, or variety, of living things in an ecosystem |
| Keystone Species | a species that has an unusually large effect on its ecosystem |
| Producer | organisms that get their energy from nonliving sources, meaning they make their own food |
| Autotroph | producers |
| Consumer | organism that get their energy by eating other living or once-living resources, such as plants and animals |
| Heterotroph | consumers |
| Chemosynthesis | the process by which an organism forms carbohydrates using chemicals, rather than light, as an energy source |
| Food Chain | a sequence that links species by their feeding relationships |
| Herbivore | re organisms that eat only plants |
| Carnivore | are organisms that eat only animals |
| Omnivore | are organisms that eat both plants and animals |
| Detritivore | are organisms that eat detritus, or dead organic matter |
| Decomposer | are detritivores that break down organic matter into simpler compounds |
| Specialist | a consumer that primarily eats one specific organism on feeds on a very small variety of organisms |
| Generalist | consumers that have a varying diet |
| Trophic Level | the levels of nourishment in a food chain |
| Food Web | a model that shows the complex network of feeding relationships and the flow of energy within and sometimes beyond an ecosystem |
| Hydrologic Cycle | the circular pathway of water on Earth from the atmosphere to the surface, below the ground, and back |
| Biogeochemical Cycle | the movement of a particular chemical through the biological ad geological, or living and nonliving, parts of an ecosystem |
| Nitrogen Fixation | bacteria convert gaseous nitrogen into ammonia |
| Bio Mass | a measure of the total dry mass of organisms in a given area |
| Energy Pyramid | a diagram that compares energy used by producers, primary consumers, and other trophic levels |
Created by:
SavanahT
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