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(8th) 3rd 9 wks vocb

TermDefinition
chemical equation description of a reaction using element symbols and chemical formulas
chemical reaction process in which atoms of one or more substances rearrange to form one or more new substances
coefficient number places in front of an element symbol or chemical formula in an equation
law of conservation of mass states that the total mass of the reactants before a chemical reaction is the same as the total mass of the products after the chemical reaction
product new substance produced by a chemical reaction
reactant starting substance in a chemical reaction
combustion chemical reaction in which a substance combines with oxygen and releases energy
decomposition chemical reaction in which one compound breaks down and forms two or or more substances
double replacement describes a reaction in which the negative ions in two compounds switch places, forming two new compounds
single replacement describes a reaction in which one element replaces another element in a compound
synthesis chemical reaction in which two or more substances combine and form one compound
endothermic chemical reactions that absorb thermal energy
acid substance that produces a hydronium ion (H3O+) when dissolved in water
base substance that produces hydroxide ions (OH-) when dissolved in water
ph scale a scale used to measure how acidic or basic
reference point a place or an object used for comparison to determine if an object is in motion
distance the space between two things
gravity the force that attracts objects towards another object. On earth, this pulls us towards the center of the earth. The force of this on Earth is 9.8 meters/second
friction force that acts in an opposite direction to movement. The more of this something has, the harder it is to move.
mass the measure of an amount of atoms (matter) in something
motion The state in which one object’s distance from another is changing
speed The distance an object travels in one unit of time
force A push or a pull. This is what causes motion. Can be balanced or unbalanced. Expressed in Newtons (N)
axis An imaginary line around which an object rotates
traveling Moving from one position to another
velocity The measure of the speed AND the direction of a specific object; example: 25 km/h Westward
acceleration A change in velocity, speeding up, slowing down, or turning
positive acceleration speeding up
negative acceleration slowing down
inertia The tendency of things to keep traveling in the same direction at the same speed, unless something stops them; more mass = more of this
Newton's 1st Law An object at rest tends to stay at rest, and an object in motion tends to stay in motion, unless acted on by an opposing force.
Newton's 2nd Law The greater the amount of mass an object has, the more force is needed to move it
Newton's 3rd Law Every action has an equal and opposite reaction. Examples- Newton’s Cradle, Rocket ship, Jumping on a trampoline, Punching a wall
Created by: Hannah.hornsbyyy
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