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Anatomy Blood/Cardio
Anatomy Ch 11/12 Blood and Cardio
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| plasma | liquid matrix of the blood; mostly composed of water |
| hemoglobin | iron containing molecule; found in RBCs; carries oxygen |
| erythroc yte | component of blood that is disc shaped and carries oxygen |
| leukocyte | component of blood that is nucleated and fights infection |
| thrombocyte | component of blood that is a cell fragment and is responsible for clotting blood after injury |
| hematopoiesis | formation of blood cells occurring in the bone marrow |
| antigens | protein molecules found on cell membranes that identify a cell as self |
| antibodies | proteins formed by the immune system to interact with foreign antigens |
| agglutination | clumping of blood cells; typically as a result of an antigen-antibody incompatibility reaction |
| pericardium | outermost covering of the heart |
| myocardium | muscular wall of the heart |
| septum | wall separating the right and left side of the heart |
| chordae tendineae | string like structures that attach the AV valves to the inner wall of the heart |
| papillary muscles | fingerlike muscular projections of the inner heart wall which anchor the chordae tendineae |
| pulmonary semilunar valve | prevents the backflow of blood from the pulmonary trunk to the right ventricle |
| aortic semilunar valve | prevents the backflow of blood from the aorta to the left ventricle |
| tricuspid valve | AV valve found between the right atrium and right ventricle |
| bicuspid valve | AV valve found between the left atrium and left ventricle |
| aorta | largest artery of the body with the greatest blood pressure |
| vena cava | largest veins of the body which return blood to the right atrium of the heart |
| pulmonary arteries | carry blood from the right ventricle to the lungs; carry deoxygenated blood |
| pulmonary veins | carry blood from the lungs to the left atrium; carry oxygenated blood |
| heart attack | an event occuring when the heart muscle dies due to lack of oxygen (blood flow) |
| angina pectoris | pain in the chest due to a decrease in oxygen to the heart |
| thromboembolism | a blood clot that breaks free from its origin and travels to a new location |
| arteries | blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart |
| veins | blood vessels that carry blood toward the heart |
| capillaries | the smallest blood vessels that allow exchange of materials between the blood and tissues of the body |
| hypertension | chronic high blood pressure |
| myocardial infarction | dead heart muscle tissue |
| atria | two chambers of the heart where blood enters from the body or the lungs |
| ventricles | two chambers of the heart that pump blood out of the heart to the lungs or the body |
| Type A Blood | has A antigens on the RBCs and anti-B antibodies in the plasma |
| Type B Blood | has B antigens on the RBCs and anti-A antibodies in the plasma |
| Type AB Blood | has A and B antigens on the RBCs and no antibodies in the plasma |
| Type O Blood | has no antigens on the RBCs and both anti-A and anti-B antibodies in the plasma |
| Rh antigen | an antigen found on some RBCs, first discovered in the cells of Rhesus monkeys; if you have it , you are positive (+) |
| universal donor | A person with Type O blood |
| universal recipient | A person with Tybe AB blood |
| stroke | occurs when a portion of the brain is deprived of oxygen |
| arteriosclerosis | hardening of the arteries |
| atherosclerosis | the build of material in the walls of the arteries |
| left ventricle | the strongest chamber of the heart, sends blood out through the aorta and around the body |
| right ventricle | chamber of the heart that sends blood out the pulmonary artery and to the lungs |
| left atrium | chamber of the heart that receives oxygenated blood from the lungs |
| right atrium | chamber of the heart that receives deoxygenated blood from the body |
| systole | when the heart muscle contracts |
| diastole | when the heart muscle relaxes |
| brachial artery | used to find a person's blood pressure |
| varicose veins | when a vein becomes enlarged and the valves stop preventing backflow of blood |
| hemorrhoid | varicose vein of the rectum |
| ischemic heart disease | cardiac condition described by a lack of sufficient oxygen to the heart muscle |
| cardiac arrest | when the heart muscle stops contracting |
| pacemaker | the SA node, where the heartbeat is initiated by electrical impulse |
Created by:
Mrs. Meeks SHS
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