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Cell Vocabulary
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Cell | the smallest structural and functional unit of an organism |
| Osmosis | the net movement of water across a semipermeable membrane |
| Cell Theory | a general statement in biology that all living things consist of cells each of which has come from a pre-existing cell |
| Cell Wall | the firm nonliving layer that encloses and supports the cells of most plants, bacteria, fungi, and algae |
| Cell Membrane | the semipermeable membrane surrounding the cytoplasm of a cell. |
| Nucleus | the positively charged central core of an atom, consisting of protons and neutrons and containing nearly all its mass. |
| Organelle | A small structure in a cell that is surrounded by a membrane and has a specific function. |
| Ribosome | a structure found inside cells that is involved in making proteins |
| Nucleic Acid | naturally occurring chemical compounds that serve as the primary information-carrying molecules in cells |
| Selectively Permeable | a membrane that allows only some substances and molecules to pass into or leave the cell |
| Cytoplasm | holds the components of the cell and protects them from damage |
| Mitochondria | Small structures in a cell that are found in the cytoplasm |
| Endoplasmic Reticulum | A network of sac-like structures and tubes in the cytoplasm |
| Golgi Apparatus | A stack of small flat sacs formed by membranes inside the cell's cytoplasm |
| Chloroplast | unique structures found in plant cells that specialize in converting sunlight into energy that plants can use |
| Lysosome | a sac-like organelle that contains enzymes which can break down materials in a cell |
| DNA | The molecule inside cells that contains the genetic information responsible for the development and function of an organism |
| Passive Transport | the process of moving molecules across a cellular membrane through the use of cellular energy. |
| Active Transport | the movement across the membrane of substances from regions of lower concentration to regions of higher concentration by the use of energy. |
| Diffusion | the movement of individual molecules of a substance through a semipermeable barrier from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration |
| Tissue | a group of similar cells and their intercellular material that work together to perform a function |
| Organ | A part of the body that performs a specific function |
| Organ System | a group of organs that work together to perform one or more functions |
| Endocytosis | a process by which cells absorb external material by engulfing it with the cell membrane |
| Exocytosis | the transport and fusion of secretory vesicles with the plasma membrane and the extracellular space |
Created by:
Preston Laird
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