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N126-U3-MI/CHF #9
Dobrisky-Cardiac Module: Diuretics
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What class of diuretics are the 1st choice? | Thiazides |
| Hydrochlorothiazide is in what class of diuretics? | Thiazides |
| Thiazides work in the | loop of henle and distal tubules |
| Rate the toxicity of Thiazides | low |
| Rate the potency of Thiazides | moderate |
| Thiazides should be used with patients with what type of renal function? | normal |
| Thiazides work by | inhibiting reabsorption of sodium |
| the major side effect for thiazides is | potassium loss |
| what are the symptoms of hypokalemia? | muscle weakness, cramps, dizziness, nausea & vomiting |
| Thiazides increase the excretion of what? | potassium & water |
| What other class of diuretics may be given in conjunction with thiazides? | potassium-sparing diuretics |
| Thiazides are the #1 choice because | they are less likely to cause excessive diuresis and severe electrolyte imbalance |
| rate the speed of osmotic diuretics | rapid |
| Manitol is an example of what class of diuretic? | Osmotic Diuretics |
| which two classes of diuretics are considered to work rapidly? | osmotic & loop diuretics |
| osmotic diuretics' site of action is in | proximal tubules and the loop of henle |
| osmotic diuretics inhibit sodium and water | reabsorption |
| Which class of diuretics is used for acute renal failure, relieves intraocular pressure and/or head injury? | osmotic diuretics |
| Spironolactone is in what class of diuretics? | potassium-sparing diuretics |
| Give an example of a potassium-sparing diuretic | Spironalactone (Aldactone) |
| "-actone" drugs are what type of drugs | potassium-sparing diuretics |
| Rate the potency of potassium-sparing diuretics | not potent |
| potassium-sparing diuretics interfere with sodium reabsoption in | distal tubules, blocks aldosterone |
| which class of diuretics blocks aldosterone? | potassium-sparing diuretics |
| give an example of a med that blocks aldosterone | Spironolactone (Aldactone) |
| what condition should you monitor for when administering potassium-sparing diuretics? | hyperkalemia |
| With what patients should you use caution when administering potassium-sparing diuretics? | patients with renal impairment |
| Furosemide (Lasix) is an example of what class of diuretics? | Loop Diuretic |
| rate the speed of Loop Diuretics | rapid |
| Which two classes of diuretics are considered rapid? | osmotic & loop |
| rate the potency of loop diuretics | potent |
| loop diuretics work by | blocking active chloride transport in ascending Loop of Henle |
| loop diuretics are considered to have what affect on water excretion? | increases |
| Which class of diuretics have a side effect of high electrolyte loss? | loop diuretics |
| Which patients should be watched closely while taking loop diuretics? | all patients, especially elderly |
| Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors are what class of medication? | diuretic |
| lisonopril (Prinivil) is what class of diuretic? | carbonic anyhdrase inhibitor |
| carbonic anhydrase inhibitors have what type of value as a diuretic? | limited |
| which class of diuretic may result in tolerance developing? | carbonic anhydrase inhibitors |
| tolerance to carbonic anhydrase inhibitors develops rapidly when administered for more than how many hours? | 48 |
| which class do the "-pril"s belong to? | carbonic anhydrase inhibitors |
| lisinopril causes increased excretion of what four things? | sodium, potassium, water and bicarbonate |
| which class of diuretic also results in increased excretion of bicarbonate? | carbonic anhydrase inhibitors |
| what are the S/S of sodium barcarbonate loss? | GI distress, dizziness, headache, weakness |
| which class of diuretic has a possible side effect of GI distress? | carbonic anhydrase inhibitor |
| If electrolyte loss is evident what should the nurses priority be when the patient has received diuretics? | withhold the next dose until the physician is contacted |
| what fatal condition could result from the use of diuretics? | ventricular fibrillation |
Created by:
Lori Dobrisky
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