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1.2 Sponges
and Cnidarians
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| When did sponges first appear on earth? | Fossil evidence shows that the sponges appeared on Earth about 600 millions years ago. |
| Characteristics of Sponges | 1. most of 5000 species of sponges are found in warm, shallow salt water near coastline 2. The colors, shapes and sizes of sponges vary. 3. most are asymmetrical 4. can be smaller than a marble or larger than a compact car |
| What is sessile? | Organisms that remain attached to one place during their lifetimes are called sessile |
| Why did early scientists classify sponges as plants? | Early scientists classified sponges as plants because they didn't move. As microscopes were improved, scientists observed that sponges couldn't make their own food, so sponges were reclassified as animals |
| Describe sponge body structure | ;have no tissues or organ; have many small openings called pores;two cell layers, inside called collar cells;have sharp, pointed structures called spicules; skeletons of a fibrous material called spongin; |
| What's the function collar cell's flagella? | moves water through the sponge |
| How does sponge obtain food and oxygen? | Sponges filter microscopic food particles such as bacteria, algae, protists, and other materials from the water as it is pulled in through their pores. |
| What is hermaphrodites? | animals that produce sperm and eggs in the same body. most sponges species are hermaphrodites. |
| How does sponge reproduce? | Sponges can reproduce sexually and asexually. |
| How does sponge reproduce sexually? | sponge release eggs and fertilized and developed into a larva. Larvae have cilia that allow them to swim. The Larvae then settle down on objects where they will remain and grow into adult sponges |
| How does sponge reproduce asexually? | Occurs by budding and regeneration. A bud forms on a sponge, then drops from the parent sponge to grow on its own;Regeneration occurs when an organism grows new body parts to replace lost or damaged one. |
| What are cnidarians? | another group of invertebrates includes colorful corals, flower like sea anemones, tiny hydras, delicate jellyfish, and the iridescent Portuguese man-of-war. |
| How many body forms of cnidarians? | 2, polyp and medusa |
| describe polyp | is shaped like a vase and usually is sessile |
| describe mudusa | is bell-shaped and free-swimming |
Created by:
the98789
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